1. **Exposure to Sunlight**. Before storing the grain, choose a sunny day and spread it 3–5 cm thick on a cement surface. At noon, the grain temperature can reach up to 45°C. Dry it for more than 4 hours, turning it once every hour. This process helps kill pests like wheat moths and grain weevils, as well as repel corn beetles.
2. **Low-Temperature Insect Control**. In northern and cold regions, food storage areas can be chilled outdoors during winter or early spring. The stacking thickness should ensure that the temperature within the grain layer remains below 0°C. Freezing for over 6 hours effectively kills corn beetles and rice husk beetles.
3. **Buckwheat Leaf Pest Control**. Dry buckwheat leaves until they are half-dry. When storing grain, place a layer of bitter buckwheat leaves on every 15 cm of grain. Cover the seeds strictly, and stack three layers in total. The top layer of buckwheat leaves should be thicker. Alternatively, crushed buckwheat leaves or fruit can be mixed into the grain at 0.4% of the grain’s weight, with the last layer sprinkled appropriately.
4. **Resin Pest Control**. After crushing, resin is placed in a gauze bag and positioned at multiple points in the storage container. Then, the container is sealed with plastic film. Typically, 500 kg of grain is divided into three layers, each containing 0.5 kg of resin.
5. **Wormwood Pest Control**. Dried wormwood can be used to prevent insect infestation. Place a layer of dried wormwood on every 15 cm of grain, and stack three layers in total. Each layer must be tightly covered with grain. Wormwood can also be replaced by other insecticidal herbs such as Litsea cubeba, eucalyptus leaves, vermonia, or calamus.
6. **Orange Peel, Red Pepper, and Ginger Pest Control**. Dry and crush orange peel, red pepper, and ginger. They can be mixed in equal or varying proportions. Pack 50 grams of the mixture in a gauze bag, and distribute 10 bags per 500 kg of grain, placing them in three layers. Seal the bags with plastic film and store them.
7. **Tobacco Stem Pest Control**. Tobacco stems contain nicotine and other toxic substances that help control various grain pests. When storing grains, place chopped tobacco stalks 10 cm thick at the bottom and top of the containers. If using cylindrical storage, place chopped tobacco on the surface of the grain, then seal with plastic film. This method keeps new grain free from insects for up to 8 months.
8. **Toon Leaf Pest Control**. Fresh toon leaves can be placed in the grain tank or bag to prevent pests. Alternatively, sun-dried and crushed toon leaves can be mixed into the grain at 0.5% of the grain’s weight. Toon leaves are often considered more effective than other options.
9. **Biogas Pest Control**. Regularly passing biogas into the grain or storage containers and sealing them prevents pests from entering and kills those already present. To allow faster penetration of biogas, insert a porous bamboo raft around the bottom without holes into the grain heap. Then, pass the biogas through the bamboo tubes for 10–20 minutes to eliminate pests. If the grain is stored in bags, first seal the bags with plastic film before introducing the biogas.
This natural pest control method not only protects the grain but also ensures a safer, chemical-free storage environment. By using these traditional techniques, farmers and households can preserve their crops effectively while maintaining quality and safety.
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Jiangxi Chengzhi Bioengineering Co., Ltd , https://www.chengzhi-bio.com