1. **Exposure to Sunlight**. Before storing the grain, choose a sunny day and spread it 3–5 cm thick on a cement surface. At noon, the grain temperature can reach up to 45°C. Dry it for more than 4 hours, turning it every hour. This method helps kill pests like wheat moths and grain weevils, while also repelling corn beetles.
2. **Low-Temperature Insecticide**. In northern and cold regions, food stores can be chilled outdoors during winter or early spring. The stacking thickness should ensure that the temperature within the grain layer remains below 0°C. Freezing for over 6 hours can effectively eliminate corn beetles and rice weevils.
3. **Buckwheat Leaf Pest Control**. Dry buckwheat leaves until they are half-dry. When storing grain, place a layer of bitter buckwheat leaves every 15 cm of grain. Cover the seeds strictly, stacking three layers in total. The top layer of buckwheat leaves should be thicker. Alternatively, crushed buckwheat leaves or fruit can be mixed at 0.4% of the food’s weight and layered into the grain heap, with an appropriate amount sprinkled on top.
4. **Rosin Pest Control**. After crushing, rosin is placed in a gauze bag and distributed across multiple points in the storage container. Then, the container is sealed with plastic film. Typically, 500 kg of grain is divided into 3 layers, each containing 0.5 kg of rosin.
5. **Wormwood Pest Control**. Dried wormwood has a strong scent that deters insects. Place a layer of dried wormwood on every 15 cm of grain, stacking three layers in total. Each layer must be tightly covered with grain. Wormwood can also be replaced by other herbal remedies with insecticidal properties, such as Litsea cubeba, eucalyptus leaves, vermonia, or calamus.
6. **Orange Peel, Red Pepper, and Ginger Pest Control**. Dry and crush orange peel, red pepper, and ginger in equal or varying proportions. Pack 50 grams of the mixture into a gauze bag and distribute 10 bags for every 500 kg of grain, placing them in three layers. Seal the storage with plastic film to keep pests away.
7. **Tobacco Stem Pest Control**. Tobacco stems contain nicotine, which is toxic to many grain pests. When storing grains, place chopped tobacco stalks 10 cm thick at the bottom and top of the containers. For cylindrical storage, place chopped tobacco on the grain surface and seal with plastic film. This method can keep new grain free from insects for up to 8 months.
8. **Toon Leaf Pest Control**. Fresh toon leaves can be placed in the grain storage to prevent pests. Alternatively, sun-dried and crushed toon leaves can be mixed into the grain at 0.5% of the stored food’s weight. Toon leaves are often considered more effective than other alternatives.
9. **Biogas Pest Control**. Regularly passing biogas into the grain storage and sealing it can prevent pests from entering and even kill those already present. To help the biogas penetrate the grain pile faster, insert a porous bamboo raft around the base without holes into the grain. Then, pass the biogas through the bamboo tubes for 10–20 minutes to eliminate pests. When storing in bags, first seal them with plastic film before introducing the biogas.
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Jiangxi Chengzhi Bioengineering Co., Ltd , https://www.chengzhi-bio.com