Artificial snake breeding can be carried out through various methods such as indoor breeding, outdoor breeding, combined indoor-outdoor (pool-style) breeding, island-style breeding, and box-style breeding. Among these, the indoor-outdoor combination is considered the most effective approach. This method involves constructing snake nests indoors while setting up outdoor areas for exercise, feeding, and drinking. Snakes are protected from harsh weather conditions inside the nest, yet they can enjoy the natural environment outside, which promotes their health and development. This is a scientifically sound and practical way of raising snakes.
The location of the snake farm should be in a quiet and secluded area, away from people and animals. Ideally, it should be situated on the southern side of a hill or near a village. The size of the farm depends on the number of snakes, with approximately 100 kg of snakes per 100 square meters. Snake nests are typically built indoors and serve as hiding places for the snakes. These can be in the form of boxes, cages, drawers, or caves. It's essential that the nests remain dark, hidden, and dry. Using this method allows for efficient space utilization and easier management.
The size of the outdoor enclosure depends on the number of snakes. A general guideline is to keep 5 to 6 snakes per square meter. A wall should be constructed around the enclosure to prevent escape, especially when rodents are present. The wall should be about 1 meter deep underground and filled with materials like lime sand at the base. The inner surface should be smooth, using cement, and the corners should be rounded rather than sharp to prevent snakes from escaping. It's also advisable not to use white lime paint on the walls, as it may reflect too much light and disturb the snakes. The height of the wall should be between 2.5 to 3 meters. To ensure security and reduce costs, doors should be avoided, and staff can access the area via ladders.
The ground of the outdoor area should not be flat but sloped, with a gentle incline. At the bottom of the slope, a small pool should be constructed. The water depth should be around 0.3 meters and kept clean. Fish, loaches, and frogs can be added to the pool for additional benefits. Shrubs and flowers can be planted in the area, but avoid planting them near the walls to prevent snakes from climbing up. Tall and dense weeds should also be avoided, as they complicate management. Small rocks or gravel can be placed on the site, but care must be taken not to create too many hiding spots. During the summer, some shade structures can be installed to protect the snakes from excessive heat.
Island-style breeding involves raising snakes on an elevated area surrounded by water. These can be naturally occurring islands or man-made structures, such as small islands in lakes or coastal areas. After setting up necessary facilities, the area becomes an ideal snake farm. Man-made island farms benefit from natural conditions and are best located on small, elevated peninsulas near rivers or lakes. This setup reduces costs and mimics the natural environment, which is beneficial for snake growth. An escape ditch should be dug around the farm, with a width and depth of 2 meters. An anti-escape wall, 2 meters high, should be built outside the ditch. Snake nests can be made using bricks and soil, and trees can be planted for shade. Sheds and bridge-like structures can be added for access and shelter.
Box-style breeding uses wooden boards, iron mesh, or glass to create terrariums. Each box measures about 70 cm x 30 cm x 35 cm. The top is made of iron mesh with a hinged door that covers about one-third of the box’s length. A 10 cm square glass window is placed at one end for viewing. This method is easy to manage and allows for multi-layered, three-dimensional breeding. Each box can house around 20 young snakes, making it an efficient option for small-scale breeding.
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