Wild ducks come in various species, and among the most commonly raised domestic ducks today is the American mallard. Known for its tender meat and low fat content, the mallard is a traditional delicacy and a popular game dish. These ducks grow quickly, with an average weight of 1.2 kg by day 70. They begin laying eggs at around five months old, producing approximately 150 eggs annually. Here's how to properly raise them.
First, create a suitable wild environment.
Duck farms should mimic natural habitats. Half of the area should be designated as a resting zone, while the other half should be an open space, such as a pond or artificial lake. Planting trees and grasses in the activity area, along with algae in the water, helps create a natural setting. If you're using a mixed breeding method, choose locations near rivers or lakes where water is abundant. Fences and nets are essential—nets should be placed 2 meters above the water and extend to the bottom, connected to the fence to prevent escape. The mesh size should be about 3 cm, using nylon or rope nets. For every 100 ducks, provide around 60 square meters of space.
Second, ensure proper nutrition.
When ducklings start eating, mix a small amount of fishmeal into their feed. After a few days, transition to compound feed while adding green vegetables, small fish, and fresh animal matter. One month into their growth, reduce protein levels to 10%, decrease fishmeal and soybean cake, and increase roughage to 20%. Feed about 100 grams of greens like cabbage, alfalfa, and grass daily to support bone development and delay maturity. By two months, lower the roughage and increase protein to 18%, while continuing to add green feed.
Third, focus on domestication and management.
1. Carefully raise ducklings.
For the first 30 days, maintain temperatures between 27°C and 29°C for the first three days, then gradually lower it to 17°C–19°C after day 11. Use soft straw for bedding and ensure they have access to food and water. Ducklings tend to huddle, so constant supervision is needed to prevent suffocation. Always let them drink before eating, offering water 5–7 times daily.
2. Manage adult ducks.
From day 31 to 70, keep the density at 10–15 ducks per square meter. At 50 days old, they begin flying, so strict measures must be taken to prevent escape. Provide water basins, open spaces, and a natural habitat. Between 60 and 70 days, avoid loud noises that can stress the ducks. As their body fat increases, they become more vulnerable to predators and may show signs of restlessness, reduced appetite, and weight loss. Limit feeding and increase roughage. Handlers should wear plain clothing and avoid bright colors. Prevent outsiders from entering the area to minimize disturbances. After about two weeks, the ducks will adjust and return to normal behavior.
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