Osmanthus fragrans, commonly known as the sweet osmanthus, is a versatile garden tree that combines ornamental beauty, landscaping value, and aromatic appeal. Among the general public, small potted varieties of osmanthus are especially popular due to their compact size and ease of care. However, traditional potted osmanthus often face several challenges, such as root damage during repotting, which can lead to poor growth, shorter blooming periods, weaker fragrance, and premature flower drop. Additionally, the heavy soil balls used in conventional pots make packing and transportation difficult and costly. To address these issues, soilless cultivation techniques have been developed for potted osmanthus. Soilless potted osmanthus requires mastery of six key technical aspects: **1. Variety Selection** The author selected two main varieties from the Four Seasons cultivar group: 'Foliate Buddha' and 'Full House'. 'Little Buddha Fodingzhu' has a short stature, full crown, small leaves, early flowering, and abundant blooms, making it ideal for small containers. 'Golden House' features strong branching, vigorous growth, and at least three new shoots per year. Its sturdy branches, multiple sections, and frequent flowering make it suitable for medium-sized pots or for grafting onto old osmanthus bonsai trees. **2. Substrate Preparation** A mix of pine wood and Cunninghamia lanceolata sawdust was chosen as the soilless potting medium. However, raw sawdust contains high levels of carbon and low nitrogen, and if not properly processed, it can release harmful substances like resins and tannins that negatively affect osmanthus. To solve this, a high-nitrogen fermentation method was used, along with an acid scavenger to prevent nitrogen loss. This process reduces fermentation time by at least 30 days compared to natural methods and minimizes nutrient loss. **3. Water Management** Daily watering is efficiently managed through a micro-injection system, saving time, labor, and water. A single worker can manage watering for 50 acres of potted osmanthus daily using this automated system. **4. Fertilization Strategy** To reduce costs and improve efficiency, long-term slow-release fertilizers were used. These fertilizers provide a steady release of nutrients over 3–4 months. The author applied "resin-coated urea" + "resin-coated compound fertilizer" + "normal sulfur-containing ternary compound fertilizer" in January when planting, and again in April for long-term growth. In August, another dose of "resin-coated compound fertilizer" + "normal sulfur-containing ternary compound fertilizer" was added to support flowering. From March onward, every 40 days, humic acid-based micro-fertilizers like Ye Ye or Jinong were applied via micro-spraying to enhance commercial quality and flower performance. **5. Pest Control** Common pests include locusts, spider mites, and grubs. Aphids feed on young shoots, causing leaf damage. They can be controlled with 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC diluted 2000–3000 times or 40% chlorpyrifos EC at 1000 times. Spider mites cause yellowing and white spots on leaves, leading to defoliation. A spray of 15% Lingling EC diluted 1500–2000 times is effective. Grubs damage roots, causing wilting and even plant death; 40% chlorpyrifos EC at 1000 times can be used for root drenching. **6. Flowering Regulation** During the flowering period, potted osmanthus is moved into greenhouses around the Spring Festival. Nighttime temperatures are maintained between 5°C and 25°C, with a day-night temperature difference of over 10°C. After 25–30 days, buds appear. To prevent disease, 50% acetaminophen wettable powder or 50% mildewen WP at 800 times dilution can be sprayed before flowering. Adding 500-times diluted humic acid fertilizer like Jinong also improves bloom quality and extends the flowering period. Compared to traditional garden-grown osmanthus, soilless potted osmanthus offers better commercial value, lighter weight, easier handling, and a cleaner appearance. Its weight is only one-fourth of that of regular potted plants. Sawdust, the main substrate, is abundant and inexpensive, costing just one-seventh of peat or coconut coir. This makes soilless cultivation both economically and environmentally advantageous.

API

what is API?

High-purity plant monomer refers to one or more single chemical components with specific biological activity or pharmacological effects extracted from plants, and its purity is usually high, meaning that the content of the component in the extract reaches a certain percentage, and the content of other impurities or irrelevant components is low.

These plant monomers are usually secondary metabolites of plants, such as flavonoids (flavonoids), alkaloids (alkaloids), terpenoids (terpenoids), phenolics (phenolics), etc., which play a variety of physiological functions in plants such as defense, signal transduction, and antioxidant. Due to their pharmacological activity, high-purity plant monomers are often used in pharmaceuticals, health products, cosmetics and other biotechnology products.

For example, Naringenin is a high-purity plant monomer extracted from citrus plants with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; Corosolic acid is a high-purity active monomer extracted from loquat leaves, which is considered to be effective in treating type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Extraction and preparation of high-purity plant monomers usually require a complex separation and purification process, including extraction, column chromatography, crystallization, recrystallization and other steps to ensure the purity and activity of the final product. These processes may be required by specialized biotechnology companies.

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