1. Important Matters to Pay Attention To While operating the machine, it is essential not only to follow the procedures outlined in the manual but also to be aware of several key points that can impact performance and safety. (1) The semi-feed combine harvester is equipped with an advanced automatic control system. If the machine overheats, the grain tank is full, the transport system is blocked, the crop row is uneven, the lubrication is inadequate, or the control system malfunctions, the operator will be alerted through warning alarms and flashing indicator lights. At this point, the operator must immediately check the affected areas, identify the cause, and resolve the issue before resuming operation. (2) Operating in paddy fields with deep mud (over 15 cm) may lead to the machine getting stuck. In such cases, it’s best to avoid harvesting with the machine and instead use manual methods. (3) Cutting rice stems that have fallen flat on the ground can severely damage the cutting and support mechanisms. Therefore, this type of operation should be avoided. (4) When using rubber tracks daily, extra care should be taken. For instance, when crossing over obstacles higher than 10 cm, straw or bridges should be placed on both sides of the field. Also, sharp turns on gravel roads should be avoided to prevent unnecessary wear and tear. (5) Avoid using the high-speed gear of the secondary speed control lever during harvesting, as it could lead to mechanical failure. 2. Full Maintenance Before and After Operation The rice harvest season is short, so it’s crucial to perform a complete inspection and maintenance of the machine before the season begins. Adjustments, repairs, and replacements must be done to ensure the machine operates efficiently and avoid missing the optimal harvest time. (1) Walking Mechanism: Bearings should be regularly greased every 500 hours of operation and replaced after 1000 hours. However, in practice, some machines experience bearing failures even after a few hundred hours. If not detected early, this can damage the brackets and lead to more complex repairs. Therefore, after disassembly, inspect the support rollers, tensioners, drive wheels, and bearings carefully. Replace any parts that show looseness, regardless of their service life. Rubber tracks typically last around 800 hours, but due to their cost, they are usually replaced only when damaged. (2) Cutting Section: The vertical grain delivery screw has a lifespan of 400 hours, while the screening and conveying screw rod lasts up to 1000 hours. During inspections, if excessive wear is found, these components should be replaced. Repairs can include surface welding if possible. If there is tearing or missing blades during harvesting, check and adjust the blade gap, replace worn blades, and inspect the cutter crank and roller. Excessive wear here can affect the cutting stroke and quality, so replacement is necessary. Some parts of the detachment mechanism are difficult to access, so regular checks during downtime are essential to prevent damage and delays. 3. Daily Maintenance Practices Regular daily maintenance is the foundation for keeping the machine in good working condition. In addition to cleaning, lubricating, refilling fluids, and tightening parts, timely inspections can help identify small issues before they escalate into major problems, thus reducing the risk of breakdowns. (1) Check the diesel, engine oil, and coolant levels, and top them up if needed. (2) Inspect the electrical system and clean any sensors that may be clogged with plant debris. (3) Check the running mechanism and remove mud, grass, and straw. Adjust the rubber tracks if they are loose. (4) Inspect the harvesting, conveying, and threshing components. Ensure that the knife clearance, chain and belt tension, and spring elasticity are all within normal limits. Fill the centralized lubrication tank and manually lubricate any hard-to-reach parts. (5) Clean the machine thoroughly and inspect components like the oil cooler, radiator, air cleaner, dust filter, and belt cover. Clear any blockages caused by dust or debris. 4. Enhancing Training and Management Currently, semi-feed rice combine harvesters available in the Guangdong market include models from Kubota, Yanmar “Popular,†Korea’s “International,†and “Toyo.†For imported or joint-venture products, drivers should not only be trained in operation but also taught the importance of maintenance. Managers should conduct regular checks on daily maintenance practices. After the harvest season, responsible personnel should supervise and assist drivers in performing a complete disassembly and inspection. For units or individuals using hand-operated machines, a compensation system based on workload and machine condition can be implemented to ensure operators do not neglect maintenance in favor of productivity. This helps maintain the machine's longevity and efficiency.
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