The key to winter wheat field management is to store

In recent years, the area of ​​late-seeding wheat has increased year after year, resulting in late seedling emergence, short growing period before winter, small and weak wheat seedlings, reduced total leaf number of the main stem, reduced plant height, and poor plant growth during the early winter, even after turning green. The temperature rises at a faster rate of tillering, but the total number of stems is still difficult to achieve the desired requirements. Therefore, to this part of the wheat seedlings should be done with fertilizer supplement late, fertilizer promote competition early. For the management of the wheat fields after the year, the key is to take measures such as conservation, cultivation, and pressure.

Climate and seedling characteristics this winter Since the beginning of winter, the temperature in the northern wheat region has been high, and the soil temperature in the wheat field has remained above 3°C. The rainwater is more than in previous years, and there are generally two small to medium rainfalls. The wheat fields in all parts of the country are in good condition, but the lighting conditions are relatively insufficient. Under this climate conducive to growth, the general trend of wheat seedlings appears rapid growth and lack of sturdiness. In particular, some wheat fields with earlier sowing dates and higher soil fertility show “pseudo-wang seedlings”. Their leaves are extremely long and the group size is not large. There are also some low-lying fields of wheat fields, and the soil moisture in rain-fed areas is not discharged. The sowing date is very high. Late, the sowing amount is large and is currently in a weak seedling. The above two types of wheat seedlings were the focus of wheat management in the years before.

Differences in seedling quality and corresponding measures before winter wheat were dominated by long-rooted long-rooted pods. Pre-winter management must be based on the premise of ensuring that the groups are suitable, promote root growth, and ensure safe wintering. The requirements for pre-winter seedlings are: leaf color is light green, leaf length and width are moderate, plant and tiller are strong, and the root system is well-developed; the total number of stems in high-yielding wheat fields is controlled between 70 and 900,000/mu. For this reason, for those pseudo-Wangmiao wheat fields, the method of smashing the land and removing maggots in a timely manner, and by appropriately pressing and injuring some of the root systems of the saplings, can achieve the purpose of controlling the appetite and excessive delivery.

Due to the accelerated evaporation of soil surface moisture after the depression, the moderate dryness of the upper layer can promote the roots to lower, which is beneficial to the robustness of the wheat seedlings and their ability to resist cold and drought. For the late-seeding weak seedlings, they can play a role in protecting the cold by means of rolling after the rain and snow. In particular, the clay ground, where the rain and snow melts, cracks on the ground can cause serious running and waste of large amounts of soil. "The spring drought will cause water shortage in wheat seedlings.

The timely pressure-reducing measures can make full use of natural precipitation and soil water storage, and strive to realize high-yielding and high-water-use efficiency of double-high agriculture under conditions of insufficient irrigation.

The core of wheat field management is to store crops and preserve crops. The foundation for high-yield and high-efficiency laying of basic wheat crops in the coming year is to improve soil water storage and preservation capacity. Make limited moisture produce more food. The 2m soil is the root zone of wheat. For light and medium-earth soils, the 2m soil layer can store more than 650mm of water, and the effective water is 465mm. This valuable green water is the high yield of winter wheat. Stable and efficient first moisture resources. If the wheat management measures cannot keep up, causing the entire winter season and the spring run of wheat in the coming spring, it is difficult to turn weak seedlings and strong seedlings into strong seedlings in the wheat field, and the consequences may also reduce the yield. If you want to ensure production, you must also increase the number of irrigations. . In order to reduce evaporative water consumption and water conservation, the current wheat field must use smashing, smashing, and suppressing; the principle of technical application is wet squatting and dry pressing; smashing can cut through the wet soil surface, loosen the topsoil, and cut off the capillary contact with the underlying soil. Reduce evaporation for protection. After the depression, only the top layer of loose soil had a slightly lower water content, and the entire soil moisture content increased.

When the surface is dry, the repressive measures can crush the crushed rubbish, compress the topsoil, and reduce the large voids. The degree of repression depends on the texture of the soil and soil moisture. For sandy soils, the sensational pressure should be more than enough pressure and heavy pressure to facilitate lifting. On the other hand, for clay soils, it should not be suppressed in order to avoid soil compaction. Winter wheat field before winter and early spring suppression can crushed slag, compact cracks, prevent running squatting and reduce frost damage.

In short, by means of cultivating, pressing, pressing, and other measures, a plough-layer soil environment that is elastic, moderate, crumbly, imaginary, and mixed with soil and fertilizer can be created to properly resolve the contradiction between permeable ventilation and water storage. The goal of basic farmland development advocated by the Ministry of Agriculture of China.

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