Symptoms are also known as roots, mud dragons, rotten Po head and so on. The bacteria invaded from young roots and spread to the thicker roots and roots. The disease is yellowish-brown at the beginning of the disease and dark brown afterwards. The cortex decays and becomes dark when severe. Violet-brown silky hyphae are seen on the surface of the damaged roots. The hyphae are entangled into the rhioid mycelia, and the mycelia are crisscrossed and reticular. The hyphae were "H"-shaped and the roots were covered with amylin. A layer of purple-red fluffy pellicles formed on the base of the trunk and the ground near the end. Sanggen was infected, and the branches and leaves grew slowly, with small and yellow leaves. The lower leaves fell off earlier and the tip or branches of the shoots died. Finally the whole plant died.
The pathogen Helicobasidium mompa Tanaka is a basidiomycota basidiomycete. There are two kinds of hyphae: one is the vegetative mycelium that invades the cortex; the other is the reproductive mycelium that is attached to the surface of the root. The vegetative mycelium is yellow-brown and of varying thickness. The reproductive mycelium is purple-brown. There are empty cells in the old mature mycelium, and the mycelium is entangled into rhizome. The fungus was irregularly meshed, tight inside and outside, and developed into irregularly shaped seedling pieces in later stages. Decayed roots produce hemispherical sclerotia. The sclerotium is purple-red on the outside, yellowish-brown on the middle and grayish-white on the inside, and it survives for several years. The purplish red pellicle at the base of the trunk is the fruiting body of the pathogen, and the outer layer bears the burden. The burden was cylindrical, colorless, curved to one side, with three septa, 25-406-7 (um) in size, and each cell had a spore-born, spore-born spore. The spores are long ovate, achromatic cells, size 16-19.56-6.4 (um)
Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogenic bacteria and sclerotia are overwintering or over-summer in the root and soil. Mainly by the root contact, water flow, agricultural tools spread, rarely spread by the spores fly. Diseased saplings are the main route of long-distance transmission. Most of the bacteria are distributed in the soil within 5-25cm. Is aerobic bacteria. Fertility temperature limit 8-35 °C, suitable temperature 27 °C. When the mulberry garden is onset, the central diseased plant first emerges and spreads around. If the water source is contaminated by bacteria, it can cause the disease in the whole park. Soil water or acidic, gravel soil mulberry gardens are susceptible to disease. Continuous crops or mulberry fields may cause serious diseases such as sweet potatoes and potatoes. The bacteria can infect 48 families and 113 species of plants.
Prevention methods (1) Strengthen quarantine and prohibit the dispatch of mulberry seedlings from the ward. During planting, the susceptible or suspected seedlings are soaked in warm water of 45°C for 20-30 minutes, or soaked in 0.3% bleach for 30 minutes, soaked in 1% of 96% copper sulfate solution for 1 hour, and 25% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times. Soak for 30 minutes. (2) Serious disease fields are carried out for 3 to 5 years of rotation with grass crops. (3) Strengthen the management of mulberry fields, do a good job of reforming the soil, promote the use of compost or decomposed organic fertilizers made of fermented bacteria, and apply 100–150 kg of quicklime to the heavy acid soils. (4) The diseased plants were found to be excavated in time, and the residual roots were burned together. At the same time, an isolation trench of 1m in width and 30cm in width must be dug to dig out the contaminated soil piles in the ward, or spray 2% of 43% formalin solution, and plant the mulberry after sealing for half a month. (5) Disinfection of chlorpyrifos fumigation or ammonia irrigation for soil treatment. It is also possible to use 50% of Dow Mian Wettable Powder and pour into the soil every 667m25kg of mixed soil.
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