Strengthening the winter management of winter wheat is an important part of wheat production. Spring management refers to the return from the green - heading, our province is generally from the end of February to the beginning of March to the middle of May, in the northern stage of wheat both root, stem, leaf growth, but also the differentiation of the male and female ear, wheat is a lifetime The period with the most vigorous growth and development and the need for fertilizer and water is the key period for field management. The central task of management is to supply enough fertilizer and water, promote strong culms without falling down, and increase grain size. The key technologies for its management are as follows:
First, due to the management of seedlings in northern China has a vast territory, soil quality, and a complex climate. The growth of spring wheat seedlings varies greatly. However, there are three types of seedlings, namely Wangmiao, strong seedlings, weak seedlings, and so on. In production management, they should be separated. Situation, different treatment, to achieve the right medicine, due to Seedling management.
1. Wang Miao: This type of wheat field is characterized by fast growing leaves, dense leaves, large leaves and under Phi, growing prosperous, large groups, blocking ridges, inter-row closure, overwintering before the three leaves more obvious Above the spike index, early lodging is easy. Management should be based on the control, without returning green manure, not pouring back to Qingshui, deep cultivating roots and scattered scorpion, or before jointing spray chlorhexidine azotozoic, repression and strengthen the polarization. Fertilizing and watering can be carried out until the second section of the length is fixed. For wheat fields with early planting, large amount of fertilization, winter pre-prosperity, and severe freezing damage, the fertilizer can be applied earlier, and the cultivars can be warmed to increase the temperature of their cultivars. They should strive for more start and less hoeing, and after the jointing, they can water the topdressing fertilizer as appropriate and increase grain growth.
2. Strong seedlings: This type of wheat field is characterized by green-blue leaves, large leaves, which are suitable for groups, and they are long and strong. Over the winter, the big bracts above three leaves are close to or reach the index of succession. Management should control the birth of spring birth, to ensure that the growth of panicles, promote flower growth, after the rise in the small flower differentiation period after the application of fertilizer. If the wheat seedlings are prosperous, they must not be controlled by deep-rooted cultivating roots or repression to promote the polarization of wheat seedlings. It is not too early or too late for the top seedlings to water and fertilizer, so as not to cause field canopy closure and greedy greenery, which leads to a reduction in production.
3. Weak seedlings: This type of wheat field is characterized by pale leaf color, narrow leaves, slow growth, and small populations. Before the winter, the big bracts above the three leaves were significantly lower than the spike index. The spring management of such wheat fields should be based on promotion. Weak seedlings in different situations should be treated differently. Weak seedlings with thin ground, unfertilized, poor lye and yellow leaves should be used as early as fertilizer and water; for late fertilization and weak seedlings that have been followed by fertilizers, good sensation, and low seedling age before winter, they should be used as early as mid-tillage Soil, improve ground temperature, promote seedlings early, postpone fertilizer watering postponed in the straight after; for high fertility, early sowing, large sowing, large groups, weak individuals, false seedlings should be sparse seedlings as soon as possible, and then top-dressing cultivator.
Second, make good use of ear and ear water and fertilizer This period of fertilizer and water, mainly to promote internode elongation under the ear, extend the functional period of the upper leaf to increase the number of solid grains. The booting period is the critical period of wheat water demand, and all types of wheat fields should be well watered with booting water, and the time should be about 15 days after jointing. The wheat fields with poor fertility, yellow seedlings, and unfertilized fertilizers can be combined with watering. Mushi urea is about 5 kg.
Third, chemical herbicides should be suitable for herbicides, under normal circumstances, control of monocotyledonous weeds used more horses, ripcord, isoproturon, etc.; broadleaf weeds more wheat fields, more use of superstars, benzene yellow long, wide Grass nets, etc., monocotyledons and broadleaf weeds mixed with the land, can be different green dragon, wheat straw star and other herbicides.
Fourth, to prevent frost frost damage in northern China is often the occurrence of late frost, wheat intolerance to low temperatures, the night frost suffered frost damage. According to the weather forecast, it should be watered 1 to 2 days before the frost to increase the humidity in the field and ease the changes of the low temperature. It has the effect of preventing and relieving frost damage and should not be destroyed for wheat seedlings that have suffered severe frost damage. Early application of quick-acting fertilizers, combined with watering, can still promote unfertilized tillers or new-born tillers to achieve fruiting and gain a certain harvest.
V. Prevention of Diseases and Insect Pests The main diseases in the spring are rust and powdery mildew. The main pests are wheat spiders, wheat bran and alfalfa, which need to be managed and controlled in time.
1. Sputum: From April to May, it is the peak period of scorpion damage. Once it is found, it should be timely prevented by poison valley or bait.
2. Mai spider: also known as "fire dragon." Generally in the early April to early May is a period of great harm. Wheat spiders occur in wheat fields with high dryness and dry soil, especially in early spring. It is generally possible to use 40% Dimethoate EC 1500 times and 50 kg per mu.
3. Rust: When the incidence of field rust in spring reaches 5%, 20% of Trigonine emulsion can be used at 750ml/ha or 15% of triadimefon can be applied at 0.9 to 1.1kg/ha, spraying 750 to 900kg of water. From the jointing stage to the heading stage, when the leaf rust rate reaches 2%, spraying is started. During the booting period, when the leaf rust rate reaches 5-10%, spraying is started.
4. Powdery mildew: available 50% of the special WP wettable powder 1000 times, usually spray once after the onset, spray once a week.
First, due to the management of seedlings in northern China has a vast territory, soil quality, and a complex climate. The growth of spring wheat seedlings varies greatly. However, there are three types of seedlings, namely Wangmiao, strong seedlings, weak seedlings, and so on. In production management, they should be separated. Situation, different treatment, to achieve the right medicine, due to Seedling management.
1. Wang Miao: This type of wheat field is characterized by fast growing leaves, dense leaves, large leaves and under Phi, growing prosperous, large groups, blocking ridges, inter-row closure, overwintering before the three leaves more obvious Above the spike index, early lodging is easy. Management should be based on the control, without returning green manure, not pouring back to Qingshui, deep cultivating roots and scattered scorpion, or before jointing spray chlorhexidine azotozoic, repression and strengthen the polarization. Fertilizing and watering can be carried out until the second section of the length is fixed. For wheat fields with early planting, large amount of fertilization, winter pre-prosperity, and severe freezing damage, the fertilizer can be applied earlier, and the cultivars can be warmed to increase the temperature of their cultivars. They should strive for more start and less hoeing, and after the jointing, they can water the topdressing fertilizer as appropriate and increase grain growth.
2. Strong seedlings: This type of wheat field is characterized by green-blue leaves, large leaves, which are suitable for groups, and they are long and strong. Over the winter, the big bracts above three leaves are close to or reach the index of succession. Management should control the birth of spring birth, to ensure that the growth of panicles, promote flower growth, after the rise in the small flower differentiation period after the application of fertilizer. If the wheat seedlings are prosperous, they must not be controlled by deep-rooted cultivating roots or repression to promote the polarization of wheat seedlings. It is not too early or too late for the top seedlings to water and fertilizer, so as not to cause field canopy closure and greedy greenery, which leads to a reduction in production.
3. Weak seedlings: This type of wheat field is characterized by pale leaf color, narrow leaves, slow growth, and small populations. Before the winter, the big bracts above the three leaves were significantly lower than the spike index. The spring management of such wheat fields should be based on promotion. Weak seedlings in different situations should be treated differently. Weak seedlings with thin ground, unfertilized, poor lye and yellow leaves should be used as early as fertilizer and water; for late fertilization and weak seedlings that have been followed by fertilizers, good sensation, and low seedling age before winter, they should be used as early as mid-tillage Soil, improve ground temperature, promote seedlings early, postpone fertilizer watering postponed in the straight after; for high fertility, early sowing, large sowing, large groups, weak individuals, false seedlings should be sparse seedlings as soon as possible, and then top-dressing cultivator.
Second, make good use of ear and ear water and fertilizer This period of fertilizer and water, mainly to promote internode elongation under the ear, extend the functional period of the upper leaf to increase the number of solid grains. The booting period is the critical period of wheat water demand, and all types of wheat fields should be well watered with booting water, and the time should be about 15 days after jointing. The wheat fields with poor fertility, yellow seedlings, and unfertilized fertilizers can be combined with watering. Mushi urea is about 5 kg.
Third, chemical herbicides should be suitable for herbicides, under normal circumstances, control of monocotyledonous weeds used more horses, ripcord, isoproturon, etc.; broadleaf weeds more wheat fields, more use of superstars, benzene yellow long, wide Grass nets, etc., monocotyledons and broadleaf weeds mixed with the land, can be different green dragon, wheat straw star and other herbicides.
Fourth, to prevent frost frost damage in northern China is often the occurrence of late frost, wheat intolerance to low temperatures, the night frost suffered frost damage. According to the weather forecast, it should be watered 1 to 2 days before the frost to increase the humidity in the field and ease the changes of the low temperature. It has the effect of preventing and relieving frost damage and should not be destroyed for wheat seedlings that have suffered severe frost damage. Early application of quick-acting fertilizers, combined with watering, can still promote unfertilized tillers or new-born tillers to achieve fruiting and gain a certain harvest.
V. Prevention of Diseases and Insect Pests The main diseases in the spring are rust and powdery mildew. The main pests are wheat spiders, wheat bran and alfalfa, which need to be managed and controlled in time.
1. Sputum: From April to May, it is the peak period of scorpion damage. Once it is found, it should be timely prevented by poison valley or bait.
2. Mai spider: also known as "fire dragon." Generally in the early April to early May is a period of great harm. Wheat spiders occur in wheat fields with high dryness and dry soil, especially in early spring. It is generally possible to use 40% Dimethoate EC 1500 times and 50 kg per mu.
3. Rust: When the incidence of field rust in spring reaches 5%, 20% of Trigonine emulsion can be used at 750ml/ha or 15% of triadimefon can be applied at 0.9 to 1.1kg/ha, spraying 750 to 900kg of water. From the jointing stage to the heading stage, when the leaf rust rate reaches 2%, spraying is started. During the booting period, when the leaf rust rate reaches 5-10%, spraying is started.
4. Powdery mildew: available 50% of the special WP wettable powder 1000 times, usually spray once after the onset, spray once a week.
Seedling
Robinia Pseudoacacia,Sophora Xanthantha,White Tephrosia,Pigeon Pea
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