Autumn is the prime season for shepherds to manage their flocks, especially when it comes to breeding and raising sheep. To improve lambing rates and meat production, several key practices must be carefully followed.
First, proper grazing management is essential. During early morning and late evening, when temperatures are cooler, sheep should be allowed to graze longer. However, during the midday heat, they should be kept in shaded areas. In the later part of autumn, when frost becomes common, grazing should be delayed until the frost has melted, and then extended as much as possible. Always ensure that clean, fresh water—preferably from a spring or well—is available twice a day. In colder weather, sheep should be grazed on south-facing slopes where the pastures are more lush and warmer.
Second, feeding plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and productivity of the flock. During the day, sheep can graze freely, but at night, they should be given a balanced diet of high-quality feed to support their energy needs. Pregnant ewes require additional nutrition: 0.2 to 0.3 kg of concentrate per day in the early stages, increasing to 0.45 to 1 kg in the later months. Lactating ewes need even more—0.5 kg in the early lactation period, 0.3 to 0.45 kg in the middle, and up to 0.7 kg if they're nursing twins. Moldy or spoiled feed must be strictly avoided, and salt should be provided in moderation to maintain electrolyte balance.
Third, effective breeding practices are vital. Autumn is an ideal time for breeding, as ewes tend to have stronger estrus cycles, higher ovulation rates, and better fetal development. Signs of estrus include reduced appetite, restlessness, swollen vulva, and increased tail-lifting behavior. The estrus period usually lasts 1–2 days, and the best time to breed is around 30 hours after the onset of estrus to maximize conception rates.
Fourth, preventing abortions is critical. Avoid feeding moldy or toxic plants, and never let sheep drink cold water on an empty stomach. Sudden movements, such as rushing through gates or jumping into ditches, should be avoided, especially when moving them for feeding or handling. Vaccinations should be done according to schedule, and for ewes with a history of abortion, specific veterinary treatments may be necessary to prevent further losses.
Lastly, disease prevention is key to maintaining a healthy flock. Regular vaccination against infectious diseases is essential. Keep the sheep house clean and dry, and disinfect it regularly using solutions like 2% caustic soda, 3% carbolic acid, or 2% formalin. Frequent brushing helps improve circulation and strengthen immunity. If sheep suffer from bloat due to eating fresh grass or legumes, immediate action is needed—puncture the abdomen near the ribs and administer a mixture of 5g fish oil, 20ml alcohol, and 100ml water to relieve the condition.
By following these practices, farmers can ensure a healthier, more productive flock during the autumn season.
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