Scientific name: F. atropurpurea
Family and Genus: Ophiopodiaceae
Origin:
This plant is native to Japan, and it is also found in the Qinling region of China. It is commonly cultivated in major cities across China.
Morphological Features:
The purple leafhopper is a deciduous, multi-branched shrub that typically grows between 2 to 3 meters tall. Its leaves are dark purple or red, and young branches display a striking purple color, while older branches turn grayish-brown or purplish-brown with grooves and thorns. The leaves are entire, rhombic, or obovate, and they grow in clusters on short shoots. Flowers appear singly or in small racemes of 2 to 5, featuring yellow petals with red streaks. The flowers hang gracefully and bloom in April. The berries are bright red and remain on the plant through the fall, ripening from September to October.
There are approximately 500 species within the genus, and about 200 species are found in China. Some popular cultivars include 'Dwarf Violet' (Cv. Atropurpurea), which only reaches 60 cm in height and is ideal for container gardening, and B. poirettii, known for its grooved twigs, purple-brown branches, and yellow flowers. It produces 8 to 15 pendulous racemes with oval, bright red fruits.
Growing Habits:
This plant is highly adaptable, with strong cold and drought tolerance. It prefers a sunny, cool, and moist environment but can also thrive in partial shade. It should be planted in well-drained sandy loam soil, as overly wet conditions can lead to root rot. Transplanting is best done in early spring (February) or late autumn (October to November), either with bare roots or with a ball of soil. During the growing season, watering once a month or in sync with other plants is sufficient.
The purple leafhopper is very resilient and responds well to pruning. Vigorous trimming can encourage new growth and help maintain shape. Before winter or in early spring, thin out branches or cut back long ones to control height and enhance the overall form after flowering. Fertilization should be done every other year, after the leaves have fallen in autumn. Loosen the soil around the roots, apply compost or manure, cover with soil, and water thoroughly with frozen water.
Garden Use:
The purple leafhopper is a beautiful ornamental plant that blooms with yellow flowers in spring and displays vibrant red berries in autumn. It is ideal for hedges, garden corners, large flower beds, or shaped into symmetrical spheres. It also looks great among rocks or by the edge of a pond. Additionally, it can be used for bonsai cultivation.
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