Chinese name: Gao Ban Ye Lan
Also known as: Tuan Shagen, Shi Fengdan
Scientific name: Goodyera procera (Ker-Gawl.) Hook.
Family: Orchidaceae (Orchid Family)
Uses: This plant is traditionally used in herbal medicine to treat various conditions such as childhood ailments, wind-cold eczema, hemiplegia, joint pain, rheumatism, leucorrhea, and white discharge. It is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
Taste: Bitter, pungent, and warm in nature.
Description: The plant typically grows to a height of 22–80 cm. It has short, thick rhizomes with distinct nodes. The stems are erect and hairless, bearing 6–8 leaves. The leaf blades are oblong or narrowly elliptical, measuring 7–15 cm in length and 2.5–5.5 cm in width. The upper surface is green, while the lower surface is pale green. The leaf apex is acuminate, and the base gradually tapers, with a petiole that is 3–7 cm long and expands into a sheath at the base.
The flowering stems can reach 12–50 cm in length, with 5–7 bracts. The inflorescence is a dense, spicate-like raceme, about 10–15 cm long, and the axis is hairy. The calyx is ovate and needle-shaped, with an acute tip, measuring 5–7 mm in length. The ovary is cylindrical and covered in fine hairs, with a pedicel that is 3–5 mm long. The flowers are small, light greenish-white, and emit a faint fragrance. They are not biased to one side.
The sepals have one prominent vein, with an acute tip and a smooth surface. The lateral sepals are oblique ovate, measuring 2.5–3.2 mm in length and 1.5–2.2 mm in width. The petals are spatulate in shape, white in color, and measure 3–3.5 mm in length, with a slightly blunt tip. The lip is wide-ovate, thick, and measures 2.2–2.5 mm in length and 1.5–1.7 mm in width. The base is depressed, forming a saccate structure with glandular hairs on the inner surface. The lip has a two-cup body on its disc.
The column is short and broad, measuring about 2 mm in length. The anthers are broadly ovate-triangular, and the pollen tube is approximately 1.3 mm long. The stigma is single, transverse, and oval in shape. The flowering season occurs between April and May.
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