Shrimp and crab fish polyculture technical points

Through comprehensive research and analysis of various breeding units, as well as comparisons of their farming methods, it has been found that the polyculture system involving crayfish, crabs, and fish is one of the most effective and sustainable models. This approach not only enhances productivity but also brings substantial economic benefits. To successfully implement this polyculture system, several key technical practices should be carefully followed. First, thorough pond disinfection is essential before stocking. The ponds should be cleaned and treated to eliminate pathogens, ensuring a healthy environment for aquatic life. In addition, strong anti-escape facilities must be installed to prevent the loss of valuable species like crabs and crayfish. Second, the planting and transplantation of aquatic plants play a crucial role in maintaining a balanced ecosystem. A mix of submerged, floating, and emergent plants should be cultivated, covering approximately one-third of the total pond area. These plants provide shelter, improve water quality, and support natural food chains. Third, selecting the right combination of species is vital. Crayfish and crab polyculture can be paired with species such as silver carp, grass carp, and squid. A small number of carp can also be introduced to serve as live feed for larger fish. However, the size of the carp should be strictly controlled to avoid overpopulation or competition. Fourth, introducing live snails into the pond provides a natural source of nutrition for shrimp and crabs while also helping to clean the water by consuming organic matter and algae. Fifth, feeding management is critical, especially during spring when crayfish grow rapidly. High-quality concentrated feed should be provided regularly to ensure fast growth. It's important to complete the harvest of all marketable crayfish by the end of June to avoid interfering with the growth of crabs. The feed formula should be well-balanced, ideally prepared on-site, and made into pellets. This improves feed efficiency, reduces costs, minimizes water pollution, and helps in disease prevention. Sixth, maintaining good water quality is essential throughout the growing season. Regular water exchanges should be carried out, and the transparency of the water should be monitored, aiming for around 30 cm in the early stages and 40 cm in later periods. Water quality improvement agents should be used periodically to maintain a clean and healthy environment. Lastly, careful handling during harvesting is necessary to protect the crabs. Appropriate nets should be used, and once caught, crabs should be quickly returned to the pond. Other species should then be sorted. When catching crayfish, care must be taken to preserve the next generation of shrimp to ensure long-term sustainability.

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