Plastic casing cultivation technology is a modern and efficient method used in growing tuber crops such as yams. This technique involves using specially prepared plastic tubes to guide root growth, making planting and harvesting easier and more efficient. Here's a detailed explanation of the process:
First, the plastic casing is processed. A hard plastic tube with an inner diameter of 6–7 cm is selected. The tube is cut into sections that are 80–100 cm long. Longitudinal slits, approximately 0.5 cm wide, are made along the length of each section. One end of the tube is chamfered 20 cm from the edge, creating a semi-circular opening. On the opposite end, six evenly spaced holes (1 cm in diameter, 3 cm apart) are drilled in four rows. This setup allows for proper air circulation and water drainage, and the casing can be reused for 6–8 years.
Next, the trench is dug. The depth of the trench should be around 40–50 cm, or up to 100 cm if conventional methods are followed. After digging, the plastic casings are placed in the trench at a spacing of 30 cm, with the slit ends facing upward. A layer of 10–15 cm of raw soil is backfilled first, and the casing is arranged at a 60-degree angle. The upper end of the casing is left about 10 cm below ground level. Markers are placed on both ends of the trench to help locate the casings during planting. Alternatively, a steel or wooden rod can be used to punch diagonal holes in the soil, which are then filled with the plastic tubes. Before planting, a soil conditioner is applied to loosen the soil up to 50–100 cm deep, promoting better root development.
Sowing is done by following the marked lines. A shallow ditch is dug, about 8–10 cm deep, to locate the plastic casing. The seed potato is placed horizontally above the slit, and then watered. Once the water has soaked in, the soil is covered and leveled again.
Field management follows standard practices, ensuring proper watering, weeding, and pest control. During harvest, the vines and stems are removed first. Soil is carefully dug from one side of the trench until the plastic casing is fully exposed. The entire structure, including the yam and the casing, is then lifted out. Alternatively, the casing can be pulled out individually, making the process less disruptive to the surrounding soil.
Another method, known as the plug-in cultivation technique, eliminates the need for extensive trenching. A few days before planting, the soil is prepared and a soil conditioner is applied. Holes are drilled using a metal or wooden rod, 120 cm long and 3–5 cm in diameter. These holes are filled with partially decomposed corn stalks, which act as organic fertilizer. Seed potatoes are placed above the hole, and the rest of the process follows regular farming practices.
The plastic coil tube method uses a flexible plastic sheet, about 1 mm thick, formed into a cylindrical shape. The tube is 100 cm long with a diameter of 6 cm. It includes a 2 cm wide central portion and is cut into a round spoon shape at the top, 20 cm long. Small holes (1 cm in diameter, 6 cm apart) are punched in two staggered rows. The tube is then tied with strong plastic ropes at intervals of 20 cm. The casing is buried at a 20-degree angle, with the top 25 cm below the surface. After watering, the seed potato is planted in a small hole 5 cm deep, directly above the center of the casing. The rest of the process is similar to conventional methods.
Lastly, the cement operator method requires only one-time trenching. The cement structure is 80 cm long, 50 cm wide, and 5 cm thick, reinforced with 6 mm steel bars. The gaps between the cement ribs are 6–8 cm wide, while the ribs themselves are 5 cm wide. Trenches are dug to accommodate these structures, and the sides are shaped into steps to hold the cement operator in place. Once installed, the operator is left 30 cm below the surface. A layer of corn stalks and wheat straw is placed over it, followed by fertile soil. Seed potatoes are planted in the gaps, and field management continues as usual. During harvest, the tubers are extracted from the side of the trench. This method allows for three consecutive growing seasons before the soil needs to be renewed.
Overall, these innovative cultivation techniques offer improved efficiency, reduced labor, and better yield potential for farmers. Whether using plastic casings, plug-in systems, or cement operators, each method provides a sustainable and practical approach to modern agriculture.
Fire Alarm By Living Room,Living Room Fire Alarm,Living Room Monoxide Alarm,Fire Alarms By Living Room
Guangdong Isafenest Co.,Ltd. , https://www.isfenest.com