The Boer goat is one of the most renowned large-scale meat goat breeds globally, originally from South Africa and now found in countries like Australia, New Zealand, and Germany. With a population exceeding 5 million, this breed is highly valued for its high fertility, rapid growth, superior meat quality, strong adaptability, and excellent crossbreeding potential. Female goats can begin breeding at just 6 months old, with an average lambing rate of 200% or even up to 300% per year. Adult females can weigh between 60-80 kg, while males can reach 90-130 kg. Their weight gain can increase by 20-30%, making them ideal for meat production.
Boer goats are often referred to as the "father of the world's meat goats" due to their significant role in improving local goat breeds through crossbreeding. In China, there are over 170 million goats, but many are low-producing types that require improvement. To enhance meat production, high-quality hybrids are essential, and Boer goats serve as an important paternal breed. Despite efforts to introduce them since 1995, the current population remains far below what is needed for large-scale crossbreeding. Accelerating industrialization is crucial for the future of China’s meat goat industry.
Small Tail Han sheep, known as “Super Sheep†and “National Treasure,†are another top breed in China. They mature early, with females starting to breed at 6 months old. These sheep grow rapidly, reaching weights of 30-50 kg by 4 months. They have a high lambing rate—two litters per year with 3-5 lambs each—and a high slaughter rate of 52%. Their docile nature and adaptability make them easy to raise, and they are popular among farmers. A single ewe can produce 6 lambs annually, generating a net income of around 1,500 yuan per year.
For example, a lamb raised for 80-90 days can be sold at 7.6 yuan/kg, yielding 380 yuan. Feed costs are approximately 0.6 yuan per day, totaling 72 yuan over 120 days. This results in a profit of 308 yuan per lamb. An ewe can generate over 1,500 yuan annually after deducting feed and other expenses.
In addition, improved cattle breeding offers promising returns. A cow can give birth once a year, and calves can reach over 700 pounds within ten months. Selling a bull and cow together could bring in over 2,500 yuan, with a profit of around 1,500 yuan after expenses. Experts predict that beef demand will rise in the next decade, leading to increasing prices and better profitability for cattle farming. Overall, raising animals like Boer goats, Small Tail Han sheep, and improved cattle presents a viable path to economic growth and sustainable development.
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