In order to increase the survival rate of grafted fruit trees, several key factors must be carefully considered. One of the most important is **compatibility** between the rootstock and the scion. Compatibility refers to the ability of the two parts to heal after grafting and grow normally. This depends on their internal structure, physiological functions, and genetic makeup. When compatibility is poor, several issues can arise, such as slow or failed wound healing, weak growth, yellowing or small leaves, and even plant death. Another common problem is the "large and small feet" phenomenon, where the graft union appears uneven, with some areas bulging and others thinning. In some cases, the graft may look good initially but fail later due to incompatibility.
Different combinations of rootstocks and scions have varying levels of compatibility. For example, when golden pears are grafted onto Du pears, the survival rate is often below 70%. Therefore, careful selection of compatible varieties is essential, especially when growing pear seedlings.
The quality of both the rootstock and scion also plays a critical role. A healthy, vigorous rootstock with strong shoots increases the chances of successful grafting. Based on 22 years of grafting experience, it has been observed that during summer grafting, the survival rate is highest when the rootstock is semi-lignified and the scion is fully lignified. If both are semi-lignified, the survival rate is still relatively high, but if the scion is not well-developed, the success rate drops significantly. In spring, the best results are achieved when both the rootstock and scion are fully lignified.
Temperature is another crucial factor. Callus formation is slower at around 15°C, faster between 15°C and 20°C, and fastest between 20°C and 30°C, with the optimal temperature being around 25°C. During spring budding, it's best to place the scion in a sunny area to raise the interface temperature. In summer, however, the scion should be placed on the shaded side of the rootstock to avoid excessive heat. Similarly, during spring, large branches should be oriented toward the sun to promote faster callus growth.
Humidity is also vital. The grafting interface needs to remain moist (with a relative humidity above 95%) without water accumulation. After grafting, the area must be tightly wrapped to prevent moisture loss. A simple test is to check for condensation on the binding material the next day—if no droplets appear, the wrapping was too loose, and re-grafting is needed.
Light conditions affect callus development as well. Grafts tend to heal more quickly in darker environments. Thus, during summer grafting, it's advisable to place the scion in a shaded location to reduce light exposure.
Finally, proper grafting technique is essential. Skilled hands and precise cuts ensure better alignment and tighter unions, which directly impact survival rates. Both the rootstock and scion must be cut cleanly, and the graft interface should be pressed firmly together to maximize contact and promote healing.
By focusing on these factors—compatibility, quality, temperature, humidity, light, and technique—you can significantly improve the success of fruit tree grafting.
Vitamin is a kind of trace organic substance that humans and animals must obtain from food in order to maintain normal physiological functions. It plays an important role in the process of human growth, metabolism and development. Vitamins in the body neither participate in the formation of human cells, nor provide energy for the body.
Scientific studies have found that at least 30 different compounds are considered "Vitamins", of which more than 20 vitamins are known to be necessary for biological health.
D-alpha Tocopherol Concentration,Natural Vitamin E Acetate,Pure Inositol Powder,Dl-alpha-tocopheryl Acetate Pure
Xi'an Hersoncare Bio-Tech Co., Ltd , https://www.hersoncarebio.com