According to the survey data from Yichang City, combined with historical and meteorological information, it is estimated that citrus anthracnose will occur at a moderate level this year, affecting approximately 590,000 mu. The disease is particularly concerning in orange production areas, where the risk of damage is higher.
(a) The bacterial population has increased significantly. According to a survey conducted by Yidu Station on April 2, the disease incidence was 6.8%, with a diseased leaf rate of 12.3%. This represents a 24% increase compared to the previous year. In Changyang County, the survey on April 2 showed a branch infection rate of 21% and a leaf infection rate of 7.7%, which rose by 40% compared to last year. Dangyang City’s survey on April 5 reported a disease incidence of 20% and a leaf infection rate of 6.4%, up by 60% from the previous year. Meanwhile, Zhugui County’s survey on April 15 found a disease rate of 16% and a leaf infection rate of 8%, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year. These findings indicate that the pathogen is widespread and present in large quantities.
(b) Many trees are weak and less resistant to disease. Prolonged low temperatures in January have caused widespread tree damage, leading to more litter, increased mechanical injuries, and weakened immunity. This makes trees more vulnerable to pathogen infections.
(c) Favorable weather conditions are promoting disease outbreaks. During mid-to-late April, there were short periods of rain, with an increased number of rainy days. From May to September, the rainfall is slightly higher than usual, and there is a tendency for more severe flooding rather than drought, creating ideal conditions for the spread of the disease.
To manage citrus anthracnose effectively, a combination of agricultural practices and chemical control measures should be implemented.
(I) Enhance orchard cultivation and management. Focus on deep plowing, soil improvement, and ditch maintenance to lower water levels. Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer use, and instead apply more phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients to strengthen tree health.
(b) Maintain orchard hygiene. Prune regularly, remove infected branches, and burn them to prevent further spread. Clear fallen leaves and fruits to reduce disease sources. Control pests like aphids and leaf miners to prevent bacterial entry.
(c) Implement chemical control during key periods. Spray during the late bloom stage and when new shoots appear in spring, summer, and autumn. Recommended treatments include: 80% Daconil M45 wettable powder diluted 600–800 times mixed with 5% Nisolut diluted 2000 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder diluted 1000–1500 times combined with 1.8% abamectin diluted 4000 times. These sprays help prevent and manage red spider infestations and other related diseases.
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