A recent study conducted by Zui suggests that women who have experienced migraines are at least 30% less likely to develop breast cancer compared to women without a history of migraines. With the rising prevalence of migraine cases, researchers are now looking into whether this link could be influenced by factors such as medication use, rather than the migraine itself.
Christopher Lee, a cancer epidemiologist at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle and one of the study's authors, noted that "the reduced risk may be due to the treatment of migraines, not the condition itself." He emphasized that the findings should be interpreted cautiously.
Lee proposed that lower hormone levels might play a role. He pointed out that migraines often occur during menstruation, when estrogen levels drop, and are less common during pregnancy, when estrogen is high. Since breast cancer is closely linked to estrogen levels throughout a woman’s life, there may be an underlying hormonal connection between migraines and cancer risk.
Andrew Charles, a neurologist and director of the UCLA Headache Research Program, acknowledged the possibility but stressed that the relationship between migraines and hormones is complex. He also suggested that genetic factors might contribute to both migraines and cancer susceptibility. “There are other possibilities,†he said.
Li, another researcher involved in the study, highlighted that this is the first large-scale investigation linking migraines with breast cancer. However, he also noted that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), commonly used to treat migraines, may have a protective effect against cancer, as suggested by previous studies.
Another possible explanation is that women with migraines may visit doctors more frequently, leading to earlier detection of breast cancer. However, Lee pointed out that increased medical visits and mammograms could result in more diagnoses, which might skew the results.
The study, published in the journal *Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention*, followed 2,000 postmenopausal breast cancer patients and 1,500 postmenopausal women without cancer. It found that those with a history of migraines had a significantly lower risk of developing breast cancer. However, the survey did not collect detailed information on the specific medications used to manage migraines.
Lee expressed hope that future research could shed more light on the potential links between estrogen and breast cancer, ultimately helping to find new ways to reduce cancer incidence beyond traditional methods like contraceptives.
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