Ponds used for breeding adult fish should not be too large, ideally between 1 to 5 acres. The soil should be sandy loam with minimal silt, and the pond bottom should be flat with a slight slope towards the outlet. Water depth should be maintained at around 1.5 to 4 meters, ensuring a well-developed irrigation and drainage system. The water must be abundant, clean, and free from pollution, with good quality.
Before stocking, the pond should be drained and left dry for about 10 to 15 days. Afterward, fill it with about 10 centimeters of water and apply 80 to 100 kilograms of lime per mu. Every other day, add 5 kilograms of bleaching powder and thoroughly mix the water to disinfect the pond effectively.
For seedlings, it's important to desalt them first. Adult fish are typically raised in ponds when they reach about 10 centimeters in length. High survival rates can be achieved if the stocking size is uniform, preventing competition for food. It's recommended to stock 1000 to 1500 fish per acre. To maximize production, include 40 large-tailed carp, 20 carp species, and 200 Pengze fish. This combination helps maintain water quality and improves overall yield.
Feeding is crucial for the growth of the fish. They have strong predatory instincts and can be fed with small fish, wild fish, or meat. Once acclimated, they can transition to pellet feed. Before feeding, pour a few drops of water to create a conditioned reflex. Gradually introduce the pellets. After a few adjustments, the fish will learn to associate the sound of splashing water with feeding time.
Choose a central location on the pond surface to set up the feeding area. Place a bamboo or wooden board 6 to 7 meters from the shore to create a clear feeding spot. This helps prevent mixing and ensures even distribution of food. When the fish are small, feed them 8% to 15% of their body weight, 3 to 5 times daily. As they grow, reduce the amount to 3% to 5%, feeding twice a day. Adjust the quantity based on their eating habits and growth rate.
Flower bud fish prefer to eat during sunrise and sunset, avoiding midday. Therefore, feeding should be done in the morning and evening. When casting food, follow the "slow, fast, slow" principle: start with small amounts to gather the fish, then increase the pace to expand the feeding area. Avoid overfeeding so that most fish leave the site. Each feeding session should last about 30 minutes to prevent uneaten food from sinking and polluting the water.
Water quality management is essential. Flower bud fish thrive in clean water with dissolved oxygen levels between 4 to 6 mg/L and water clarity of 30 to 40 cm. Monitor the water color and transparency regularly. In the early stages, when fish are small and water temperatures are lower, water changes can be less frequent. As the fish grow and biomass increases, regular monitoring and fresh water additions are necessary. Use an aerator to ensure adequate oxygen levels. From September to October, when temperatures are ideal, this period is critical for fattening, making water quality control even more important.
Fishing is relatively easy, as more than 90% of adult fish can be caught by netting once or twice. However, two precautions are necessary: first, stop feeding one day before fishing, as full stomachs can lead to injuries when fish are disturbed. Second, due to their aggressive nature, fish may become stressed and injure each other when netted. Use a fine-mesh net and handle the fish carefully, avoiding excessive net pulling. After netting, sterilize the pond to prevent water mold disease. Fish that remain unsold should be handled gently to minimize damage.
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