First, the sowing period. During the period from “Xiaohan†to “Great Cold†(ie, from January 5 to 20), planting should not exceed the beginning of the spring (ie after February 6).
Second, the land preparation. Choose a field with convenient irrigation and drainage and fertile soil. After mashing and smashing, it will start every 1.9 meters.
Third, apply enough base fertilizer. 1000-1500 kg of decomposed mature pig manure per acre, with a good application.
Fourth, heat preservation and germination. Soak the black melon seeds in warm water at 40 ° C for 4 hours, then disinfect with potassium permanganate solution (light red as standard) for 30 minutes, then pick up the seeds, wrap them in a clean white cloth, and put them in the wash. The steel pan is insulated and germinated. The steel pan contains 2.5 kg of water, the wooden frame is placed in the pot, and the seeds are placed on a wooden stand. Keep the temperature in the pot at about 35 °C, the maximum temperature should not exceed 40 °C, and it should not be lower than 30 °C. After 36 to 48 hours of heat preservation, the seeds begin to be white and germinated to be sown.
Fifth, sowing. Double-row seeding is required; the plant spacing is 85-90 cm, about 900 litters per acre, 3 seeds per litter, 2 seedlings per litter in the second leaf stage, and 1 seedling per litter in the five-leaf stage.
Sixth, film insulation. Immediately after sowing, the film should be covered, and the 1.85 m long bamboo piece should be inserted into an arc shape, and the film cover should be pressed with the soil on both sides. If the temperature in the film is higher than 30 °C during the daytime, open the ventilating heat and keep the film in the evening. Until the end of March or early April, the film can be completely uncovered, fertilized, and the seedlings are placed on the shelf.
Seven, cultivating weeding and fertilizing soil. When the seedling grows to the three-leaf stage, it is necessary to weed, but the herbicide cannot be used to prevent the melon seed from dying. After the film is removed, 500-750 kg of decomposed pig manure, 25-35 kg of peanut bran, 25 kg of compound fertilizer, 10 kg of potassium chloride, 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, and soil after fertilization are applied.
Eight, the fence to lead the vine. It is found that the side buds should be removed immediately. At this time, the herringbone-shaped bamboo frame or wooden frame should be inserted; one seedling and one fence should be arranged, and the vines should be loosened to attract the seedlings. After the melon seedlings are 30 cm high, apply fertilizer on both sides of the mantle, apply 10 kg of compound fertilizer per acre, 10 kg of urea, 15 kg of peanut bran, and cover the soil with water to dissolve the fertilizer to facilitate the absorption of nutrients by the melon seedlings. .
Nine, pollination and melon. The black-skinned winter melon planted in the off-season is suitable for the 18th to 22nd node positions, that is, the third and fourth female flowers are the largest. The rest should be removed. Artificial pollination must be carried out between 7 and 8 in the morning. After the pollination, the melon begins to sag and bend the neck. After the small melon, the melon head and the side buds of the melon seedlings are removed from the 15th leaf (commonly known as topping). It is unfavorable for the melon to develop too early or too late. When the melon grows to a weight of 0.2 to 0.5 kg, it is necessary to apply water and fertilizer once, and 10 to 15 kg of urea per acre is dissolved with water and then applied. When the melon grows to a weight of 2 to 3 kg, the cucurbit is stabilized on the fence to prevent the winter melon from gaining weight. At this time, urea should not be applied to avoid causing loss of rotten melon.
X. Disease prevention and treatment. The main diseases are blight, blight, blight, downy mildew and so on.
Eleven, harvested. 30 to 35 days after pollination of black skin melon, when the shape of the melon grows to about 90%, it can be picked and marketed.
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