In recent years, the Dutch bean is popular with the market because of its sweet and delicious taste, tender texture, and rich nutrition. It is also growing more widely in our county. Now we will introduce the main points of cultivation techniques as follows.
The Dutch bean, alias Honden Bean, and Huizu Bean, is a climbing plant of the leguminous pea family. From the peas originating in the Mediterranean and Central Asia. Dutch beans are served with tender oysters, tender greens, and beans, with a crisp and rich taste. Can be soup or fried food.
Dutch beans are semi-hardy vegetables and are not heat-resistant. Seeds began to germinate slowly at 4°C and emerged from 4 to 6 days at 16°C to 18°C. Seedlings can tolerate -6 °C low temperature, stem growth suitable temperature is 15 °C ~ 20 °C, flowering and saliva optimum temperature of 15 °C ~ 18 °C, more than 26 °C yield and quality decreased. Scarring requires long days and low temperatures, avoiding high temperatures.
I. Cultivation techniques
1. Cultivation season and methods
In the early spring greenhouse cultivation, sowing in late January to early February, harvesting from late April to mid-June.
Early spring greenhouse cultivation in late February to early March sowing, harvesting from mid-May to mid-June.
Spring plantings are planted in the middle and late March and harvested from mid-May to late June.
Autumn Sunlight Greenhouse delayed cultivation in late July, harvested from mid-October to mid-December.
The autumn greenhouses were postponed and planted in early August and harvested from mid-October to mid-November.
Autumn plantings are planted in the middle and late October and harvested from late April to late May the following year.
2. Soil preparation for planting: mainly for direct seeding, ridge cultivation or hoeing, 2,000 kg of organic fertilizer before planting and 20 kg of superphosphate before sowing, and ridge or hoeing after ploughing and leveling. In order to promote early maturation and reduce flowering nodes, sow germination before sowing, soaking for 2 hours at room temperature, 5 to 7 days under conditions of 5°C to 6°C, sowing when the buds grow to 5 mm. After the seed sowing, it should be watered in time.
Drilling, spacing 30 to 40 cm, spacing 8 to 10 cm, covering soil 2 to 3 cm, 15 kg for each dwarf species, 12 kilograms for creeping species.
Second, field management:
1, seedling stage, growth period:
Do not water before emergence, after the emergence of the vegetative growth period, dominated by cultivator weeds, proper watering, as long as no cracking can be.
The pea sprouts in the Netherlands should generally control the moisture in order to prevent the seedlings from prospering, pouring small water before budding, and budding until the flowering stage. No watering during flowering. In the seedling stage, cultivating ripping soil should be carried out, and at the same time, a 0.01% Tianfengsu must be sprayed, and 3.5-7 ml of Tianfengsu can be sprayed with 15 kg of uniform foliage to promote root growth, enhance photosynthesis, and accelerate plant growth. At the same time, it has increased resistance to diseases such as powdery mildew and brown spot.
2, flowering period:
Dutch beans have a nitrogen-fixing ability and do not require a lot of fertilizers, but most varieties have a strong growth potential and have a high planting density. Generally, dressings are required 3 times.
The first time in the long-term use of pumping Man Wang, Mushi compound fertilizer 15 kilograms, or 400 kilograms of human waste; Phosphorus potash fertilizer topdressing period, Mushi DAP 15 kg, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride 5 kg, increase production The effect is obvious. After flowering, when the pods grow to 2-3 cm, they are topdressed with water, accompanied by 15 kg of urea or 20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. In addition can be taken outside the root dressing, with 3.5-7 ml of Tian Feng Su plus 50 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to water 15 kg, in the bud stage every 10 days spray once, continuous spray 3-4 times.
3, timely scaffolding:
When the tendrils of the plants appear, they must be inserted into a stand, and a bamboo rake can be used to insert a single row of stand and artificial vines must be introduced on the shelves or tied. The creeping species was framed when it was 30 centimeters in length. When the plant grows to 15 knots, it will be picked up and the old leaves and yellow leaves will be removed to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions. To prevent falling flowers, 30 mg/L of anti-dropping agent can be sprayed.
Third, timely harvest
Young shoot shooter shoots can be harvested at any time.
The food crickets grow when they are fully grown, but the grains can be picked when they are not full. Generally, the pods are sufficiently enlarged about 10 days after flowering, but the pods are not full and the color is bright green, and the pods can be harvested from the base. For the hard tadpole species, only the green beans are generally harvested and harvested when the moult is white-green and the beans are hypertrophied. Harvest dry beans, should be carried out in 30-40 days after flowering when the skin becomes yellow, the harvest should be carried out in the early morning to prevent chaff cracking.
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