In recent years, the demand for beef cattle has been increasing at home and abroad. This has caused the price of beef cattle to remain high and has risen. The development of beef cattle industry has broad prospects for development. In order to increase the production of beef, it is important to fatten the beef. Ways to make an introduction below.
First, the choice of shelf cattle
In general, cattle older than 12 months are called shelf cattle. However, only 1-year-old and 2-year-old shelf cattle can produce high-grade beef, and this stage of the cattle growth and development, high feed conversion rate, and good efficiency. The growth of cows aged 3 to 4 years old has stopped and only a few fats have been deposited to improve the meat quality. Therefore, when selecting cattle, we must pay attention to accurately determine the age of cattle. In addition, we must pay attention to: better body appearance, short and wide head, wide back, large size, elastic leather, generally weighing 250 kg - 350 kg is better.
Second, feeding and management
From the introduction to the slaughter, cattle are generally divided into three stages:
1, pre-fattening (also known as transitional feeding period). About 15 days or so. The newly introduced shelf cattle, after long-term and long-distance transportation and changes in the environment, generally have a relatively large stress response. There are few foods in the gastrointestinal tract and the water loss in the body is serious. Therefore, first provide clean drinking water and add appropriate amount of artificial salt in water. However, to prevent binge drinking, the first limit of 10 kg/head - 20 kg/head is appropriate. 3 hours - 4 hours free access to water. The environment should be kept quiet to prevent startle and allow it to adapt to the conditions of fattening as soon as possible. Then the cows are allowed to eat raw fodder freely, dry grass is suitable, and 500 g of fine concentrate is fed at the end of each day, which is fed with the roughage and fed. As little as possible, gradually increase to 1.5 kg. In addition, necessary insect repellent and stomachic work in vivo and in vitro are performed at this stage to complete the transitional feeding period.
2, fattening mid-term. It takes about 45 days - 75 days. At this time, the dry matter intake of the shelf cattle should gradually reach 2.2% - 2.5% of the body weight, the dietary protein level is 12%, and the ratio of refined coarse material is 45% - 50%: 55% - 50%. If distillers' grain or brewer's grains are used as roughage, the amount of concentrate can be reduced appropriately, and the daily weight gain is about 1.2 kg. The recommended concentrated formula is: corn 65%, barley 10%, wheat bran 14%, vegetable dry 10%, additive 1%, and each additional calf calcium phosphate 100 grams per day, salt 40 grams.
3, late fattening. About 30 days - 80 days. At this time, the dry matter level should be 2.2%--2.4% of the body weight, the dietary protein level is 4%, and the proportion of the dietary crude material should be 50%--60%: 50%--40%. The weight gain is about 1.5 kg. The recommended concentrate formula is: corn 75%, barley 10%, vegetable dry 8%, wheat bran 6%, additive 1%. In addition, 80 g of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 40 g of salt were added to each cow.
At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the daily feeding and management, keep cattle rings clean and sanitary, regularly clean and regularly disinfect, absolutely do not feed cattle with mildewed feed, drink water should be clean, winter water can not have ice, strengthen cattle ring warm and cold, summer We must pay attention to heatstroke, moisture, etc., do a good job of epidemic prevention, and keep quiet around the cow's ring to minimize stress.
Under normal circumstances, such feeding for 3 months, beef cattle can weigh up to 500 kilograms, can be slaughtered.
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