In recent years, with the continuous development of intensive, standardized and scientific broiler production, how to strengthen broiler husbandry and management has become the key to raising the broiler production level and economic efficiency. The author believes that in the process of large-scale broiler production, the feeding and management of broilers should be strengthened from the following aspects.
1 control temperature
Temperature is crucial for brooding. General requirements in the first brood to the fifth week of age 25 ~ 32 °C is appropriate to the first 6 weeks of age, the temperature dropped to 18 ~ 21 °C as well. Take care to prevent the temperature from being too high or too low. The temperature is too high, resulting in a large number of water loss in the chicks, loss of appetite, metabolic resistance, slow development, weakened resistance. If the temperature is too low, white feathers and other diseases can easily be induced, and squeezing death can easily occur. Therefore, in the brooding room, 3 to 5 thermometers should be hung evenly from the ground 10 cm to detect the temperature, and observed once in the morning, afternoon and evening. To help maintain a proper brooding temperature.
2 Adjust the humidity
In the early brooding period, relative humidity is generally maintained at 60% to 65%. After 2 weeks of age, gradually reduce the humidity and keep it dry. Humidity is too high and affects the body's water metabolism. It is not conducive to the growth of feathers and is susceptible to colds. It also promotes the proliferation of germs and parasites and is prone to coccidiosis. In practice, if the humidity is too high, the exhaust air can be strengthened, the bedding can be changed frequently, and the excrement can be eliminated promptly. When the humidity is too low, water should be sprayed on the ground that cannot be reached by the chicken.
3 Give full illumination
The lighting time and brightness should be reasonable. After the chicks are put into the house, the light is applied 24 hours a day from 0 to 5 days, and then gradually reduced to 20 hours until the slaughter. On the brightness of the light, take weak light from the 5th day to allow the chicken to eat normally and drink on the line to prevent surprises.
4 Ventilation
Because the excrement discharged from the chicken contains large amounts of undigested organic matter, a large amount of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and other harmful gases are generated after microbial fermentation, so that the air in the home is contaminated. Without proper ventilation, it will affect the health of chickens and cause respiratory diseases. In practical work, attention should be paid to the contradiction between ventilation and ventilation. Standardization of the closed chicken house can be powered by ventilation, adjustment of temperature and indoor air conditions, proper control of ventilation, people in the house do not feel boring and ammonia is not pungent and hot eyes is appropriate. The northern open-style chicken house mainly rely on opening and closing the doors and windows for ventilation. In the winter and spring seasons, when the humidity is low, open the doors and windows with less ventilation, and prevent indoor and outdoor cold air from blowing directly onto the chicks to avoid catching a cold.
5 Timely drinking
When the chicks enter the house, they should drink water in a timely manner, place the drinking fountain around the chicks, and let the chick drink fresh water in time. As much as possible on the day so that all chickens drink water. Drinking fountains should be wiped at least once a day. Clean water every time you change the water.
6 Scientific feeding
To use high-quality, high-protein compound feeds, adopt phased feeding methods. In the early stage (0-4 weeks old), the energy per kilogram of feed is not less than 12,000 KJ, and the protein is not less than 21%; in the latter stage (5-8 weeks old), the energy per kilogram of feed is not less than 12500 KJ, and the protein is not less than 19%. The feed must be freshly mixed and less frequently added to ensure that the chicken can eat fresh feed. The materials used to store feed should be ventilated to prevent moldy feed.
7 strict prevention of epidemic
According to the immunization program, the chicks should be vaccinated in a timely manner, and sanitation and drinking water disinfection should be seriously carried out. Disinfection with chicken spray should not be carried out 1 day before normal immunization, the day of immunization, and 1 day after immunization to prevent immunization failure.
8 Strengthening Management
All-in and all-out systems are adopted, that is, the first-born chicks of the same age are stocked and are all slaughtered on the same day after feeding. Pay attention to environmental factors, keep the house quiet, reasonably determine the stocking density, and prevent stress. To eliminate litter in time to prevent mildew. It is imperative to do a good job of rodent control in time to prevent accidental death and death of chicks.
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