Xixi Pomelo is a perennial evergreen fruit tree known for its high-quality seeds. It thrives in mountainous areas, sloping fields, hills, ridge fields, and flatlands, especially in Pinghe County, where it's widely cultivated. The lush greenery of the region is a testament to the widespread planting of Xixi Pomelo. With an area of 450,000 mu and a total annual output of 600,000 tons, the fruit has become a significant source of income for the local economy. Its high yield and stable production make it a rare gem in the fruit industry. However, achieving consistent high yields still presents challenges. Over-fertilization, improper application methods, and low fertilizer efficiency are major obstacles. To ensure stable and high yields, soil fertilization must be carefully managed.
Soil Properties
The orchards in Pinghe mainly consist of seven types of soil, including gray soil, terra cotta, red soil, and others. Soil texture significantly affects fertilization effectiveness, so it's crucial for farmers to understand and distinguish between different soil types. Based on texture, the soil is classified into three categories: sandy soil, silty soil, and muddy soil. Each has unique characteristics:
1. Sandy Soil: This type has good aeration but poor water and nutrient retention. It also has low organic matter content, which limits its fertility.
2. Silty Sandy Soil: Offers better aeration and moderate water and nutrient retention. It has a slightly higher organic matter content (1.0%–1.5%) and is acidic (pH 4.5–5.5), with normal fertility levels.
3. Muddy Soil: Provides balanced aeration, good water and nutrient retention, and medium organic matter content (1.5%–2.5%). It has a slightly acidic pH (4.0–5.5) and relatively better fertility.
Fertilization Strategies
As a long-term fruit tree, Xixi Pomelo can produce over 500 kg per plant, with adult trees (8–15 years old) yielding 50–100 kg annually. Pruning is essential to manage canopy growth and ensure sufficient nutrients for both fruits and branches. Proper fertilization is key to maintaining high and stable yields. Fertilizer amounts vary based on tree age, yield, and soil type.
For trees producing 50–100 kg per plant, the recommended annual fertilization includes 1.5 kg of pure N, 0.9 kg of P₂O₅, and 1.5 kg of K₂O, following an N:P₂O₅:K₂O ratio of 1:0.6:1. The distribution across seasons is as follows:
- Nitrogen: Winter (20%), Flowering (15%), Fruit Protection (15%), Strong Fruiting (40%)
- Phosphorus: Winter (50%), Flowering (0%), Fruit Protection (15%), Strong Fruiting (35%)
- Potassium: Winter (30%), Flowering (10%), Fruit Protection (10%), Strong Fruiting (50%)
Fertilization timing depends on the harvest period and local climate conditions. Organic fertilizers should be used regularly to enhance soil quality, especially in sandy soils, which have limited fertility and nutrient retention.
For Sandy Soil: Focus on small, frequent applications. For example, apply 0.5 kg of N once in winter, 0.2 kg during flowering, 0.3 kg during fruit protection, and 0.75 kg in three splits during strong fruiting. Similar adjustments apply to P and K, with emphasis on organic inputs.
For Silty Sandy Soil: Slightly better fertility allows for increased winter and strong fruiting fertilization. Apply 0.6 kg of N in winter, 0.15 kg during flowering, 0.15 kg during fruit protection, and 0.6 kg in two splits during strong fruiting. Combine with organic fertilizers to improve fruit quality.
For Muddy Soil: Better water and nutrient retention allow for reduced overall fertilizer use. Apply 0.5 kg of N in winter, 0.1 kg during flowering, 0.1 kg during fruit protection, and 0.5 kg in one or two splits during strong fruiting. Adjust based on tree needs.
Farmers should adjust fertilization rates according to tree productivity and crown size. Deep soil cultivation can help reduce fertilizer use, while poor soil conditions may require more frequent applications. Adding 5–10 kg of lime per plant every 1–3 years can improve soil pH and increase fertilizer efficiency, leading to better yields and stable production.
Angiography Drape,Surgery Angiography Drape,Disposable Angiography Drape,Sterile Surgical Angiography Drape
Xinxiang Huaxi Sanitary Materials Co., Ltd. , https://www.huaximedical.com