Late rice seedlings "unmarried first pregnancy" countermeasure

In recent years, the phenomenon of early earing in late rice has become widespread, significantly impacting both yield and quality. Early rice spikelets typically begin to form ears in late August, about 10 to 15 days earlier than normal. The panicles formed by these early spikes are often elongated, lasting about half a month longer than regular late rice panicles, with an additional 6 to 9 days of growth. As a result, the plants enter reproductive growth prematurely, leading to "pregnancy before marriage." This causes fewer tillers, weaker seedlings, uneven plant heights, and higher rates of empty grains. On average, this can reduce yields by over 20%, and in severe cases, up to 50%. To address the issue of "early spike" in late rice, proactive measures are essential. One key strategy is to transplant as soon as possible. If there's a conflict between the timing of transplanting late rice and harvesting previous crops, it's better to delay the harvest slightly. For example, if the previous crop was peppers or cucumbers, which may have low market value in late July and poor quality later, it’s important not to rush the harvest if the potential gain from late rice isn’t enough to compensate. Instead, consider using alternative methods like staggered planting or seedling management to prevent over-aging. If seedlings show signs of aging, they can be transplanted into a temporary field at a spacing of 13 cm x 13 cm, with two seedlings per hill. They should be planted before returning to the main field. If no space is available, the seedlings can be pulled out and replanted in their original spot to avoid further aging once they reach a critical stage. Field management for late rice should be strengthened. First, ensure proper planting density—aim for around 20% more basic seedlings. For hybrid rice, maintain 100,000–120,000 seedlings per acre, and for conventional rice, aim for about 150,000. During transplanting, keep the planting depth shallow and try to do it in the afternoon to avoid high temperatures. Apply nitrogen and potassium fertilizers appropriately, and if conditions allow, perform shallow irrigation to promote healthy growth. Be watchful for the “wild feather” phenomenon. These long, thick leaves (also known as pheasant feathers) are a sign that hybrid rice is beginning to head. When the flag leaf appears early (about 10 days after transplanting), it indicates an issue. Many farmers mistakenly believe this is due to seed impurity, but it’s actually caused by over-aging. Hybrid rice and normal plants are different, and plants with wild feathers often have fused stems and tillers. To manage this, cut the main stem from the third leaf below the flag leaf and apply 5–8 kg of urea per acre to encourage tillering. Aim to achieve the desired number of seedlings by August 20. Applying "920" (gibberellin) can also help. Due to the extended heading period, there's a mismatch between early and late tillers, with non-heading plants struggling. Applying 1.5 grams of "920" per acre, dissolved in a small amount of alcohol and mixed with 40 kg of water, can improve this situation. This treatment usually increases effective panicles by about 10% and boosts yield by 30–50 kg per acre.

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