Industrial chain "imbalance" Who took away the high profits of high-priced rice?

With the “eight-strength abundance” of grain in the country, the well-known Wuchang rice in Heilongjiang province has also ushered in a good circumstance. Rice is not only of good quality, but also the price is rising steadily. The most expensive pound is even sold for 199 yuan.

However, many rice farmers in Wuchang did not feel the joy because they worked hard to produce rice and sold to local processing companies for less than 2 yuan per catty. Why did the farmer “sweat beads drop eight drops” and produce high-quality rice for this money? "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporter conducted an investigation.

Industrial chain “unbalanced”: The difference between profitability of rice farmers and enterprises In recent years, Wuchang City in Heilongjiang Province has developed green organic rice and added rice fields to natural river irrigation. Wuchang Rice is renowned throughout the country. Reporters visited the local found that medium-packed rice, forty-five yuan a catty abound. Most of the fine packaging is over one hundred yuan, and one kind of antioxidant organic rice is sold at a price of 199 yuan per catty.

In stark contrast to the high price of rice, the price of organic rice purchases by rice farmers is not high. The organic rice marketed in 2010 was only about RMB 1.90 per catty.

Wuchangmi’s production area is in Minle Township, and the township’s rice farmer Zhang Honglei said afterwards that the total cost of 20 mu of organic rice is more than 22,000 yuan, and the total output is 25,000 jins, which is sold at a high price of 2.0 yuan per kilogram and total income is 50,000 yuan. With the cost of planting removed, the family has not been able to get 30,000 yuan for such a large amount of food for a year.

Who earned the money? Rice farmers have reported that many processing companies collect rice at a low price, and “a pile of skin” sells 10 yuan or even a few pounds per kilogram. According to the rice rice rate of 60%, if the company sells 50 yuan per kilogram of rice, the price of rice should be 30 yuan per kilogram. However, the average purchase price of the company is less than 2 yuan, and the processing and packaging fees for the enterprise are eliminated, and the profits are tenfold.

How much can the rice processing cost be? When interviewed by reporters, some companies refused to introduce the situation on the ground of "trade secrets." A company’s operating director inadvertently revealed that in addition to the purchase price of rice, there are also fees for storage, drying, depreciation of water and electricity, equipment, and sales, and these processing and circulation costs range from 150 yuan to 200 yuan per ton. Based on this, the processing cost of each jin rice is estimated to be only about 0.2 yuan.

Jiang Dawei, director of the Wuchang City Green Food Office, said that the Wuchang rice is expensive, mainly because the rice cultivation model is good and the processing technology of rice is similar. Enterprise packaging Even if the best 199 yuan per kilogram of rice is packed, the cost of packaging accounts for less than one-twentieth of the price. The processing fee is slightly more than one tenth.

Can not sell the price: the order into a bondage "lock"

Due to the good quality of Wuchang Rice, some well-known rice giants at home and abroad have set up factories here. Not only domestic listed companies such as Beijing Great Wilderness, COFCO, and Dongfang Group are among the five permanent members of the market, even foreign companies benefiting from grain and oil in the sea have come to Wuchang sooner. The city is camped out.

According to common sense, more than 200 processing companies compete for rice in this area, and rice farmers should wait for the price to embarrass, but the actual situation is the opposite. Rice does not sell at all.

Why do farmers have no say? Through investigation, the reporter discovered the “secret” of orders between agricultural enterprises in Wuchang City. Rice farmers reflected that some companies did not fulfill their orders and did not collect rice at the prices on the orders. Instead, orders became a tool for companies to unilaterally restrict rice farmers.

Anji Laoli, Shuangxi Village, Anjia Township, said that he signed an order with a company last year. The company promised that if it bought rice from its company and sold it to the company, the price of rice would be 7 cents higher than the market price per kilogram. In the autumn harvest, the company did not receive grain. The rice farmers used the handlebars to send the grain to the company and did not let it be discharged. Many companies joined hands to “japonica rice,” and how could the farmers sell high prices?

A woman from Minle Township said that the company that signed the order with her family had promised to pay rice at a higher price than the market price but could not pay for it until the end of November 2011. The price of rice was not notified until the end of November 2011. Japonica rice is also 1 cent lower than the market price.

The reporter found that not only did some companies fail to fulfill their orders, but some of their orders were similar to the “overlord clause”. In a company's "Rice Purchase and Sale Agreement," it clearly states that "the moisture must not exceed 16%", "the rice reserve price is 1.80 yuan/jin", and "B must pay the deposit to Party A at 1,000 yuan/day".

Some business orders are extremely unregulated, and a company called Fengsu Organic Rice Farmers Cooperative Cooperatives. In 2011, the order with the farmers was just to put a piece of signature paper on the rice paddy handprint, which was attached to a blank order. Many There is no way for farmers to protect their rights through legal channels.

Some rice farmers have reported that most companies do not use high prices and keeping promises to grab farmers. Instead, they use “unusual means” to control rice farmers and their extensions. Minleo, a farmer in Minle Township, said that his family had signed an order with a company in 2010. When selling rice accounts, he deducted his family’s rice money at the standard of 100 yuan per mu; if he does not follow this in 2011, When the company renews its contract, the detained rice won’t want to come back, but in 2011 it renewed its contract.

For the problems reflected by farmers, what is the explanation for the rice industry? Yan Xuqing, executive deputy general manager of Oriental Group Rice Industry Co., Ltd., said that in 2010, the company did not fulfill some of its orders because the paddy rice was unqualified and could not be collected. The reporter asked him for an order signed by the company and the farmers. Yan said that this is a business secret of the company and cannot be given.

Miye “luxury goods”: To allow farmers to share high-yield reporters learned that the Wuchang rice industry is basically order agriculture, with orders accounting for more than 90% of rice. In the beginning, it was to stabilize the rice resources and let farmers sell their grain. However, in actual operation, some grain companies have pushed market risks to farmers and “tumbled” orders, and the relevant departments have not sought more for farmers. Rights and interests, so that the local farmers can not sell high prices of food.

In recent years, the price of Wuchang Rice has been getting higher and higher. Apart from the rice planting factors, the operation of the relevant departments of Wuchang City and the commercial advertisements of enterprises have also played a supporting role. The local authorities claimed that Wuchang Rice is the only "boutique rice" with the only "China's geographical indication protection product" in the country, and it has become China's rice industry's "luxury goods" trend.

However, the added value of the industry, which has been pushed up, has mostly fallen into the pockets of processing companies and related personnel. One of the main reasons for this is that some local officials have not “pocketed” the peasants in the distribution of benefits.

As a full-funded institution, the staff of the Wuchang Green Food Office are also the staff of the Rice Industry Management Center and the Rice Association, a set of three brands. Jiang Dawei, who is also the head of three departments, said that the function of these agencies is to exercise the guidance and management of the rice market in a unified manner, lead the company to market, and safeguard the interests of enterprises, but there is no mention of the interests of rice farmers.

At the same time, companies are forming alliances to control the rice market. At present, there are 222 rice enterprises in Wuchang City, which have only been registered in relevant departments. These enterprises have almost digested 2.5 billion kilograms of rice produced in all 186 million mu of paddy fields in Wuchang City.

According to a deputy mayor of Wuchang City, Wuchang has an annual output of 2.5 billion kilograms of rice. If a pound of rice is more than a dime for rice farmers, it can increase the income of rice farmers by 250 million yuan each year. But who wants to do it?

Qin Liming, deputy director of the Wuchang City Bureau of Agriculture, said that Wuchang’s green agriculture and organic agriculture have advanced ahead. The rice in the Wuchang rice farmers should also be sold for 5 yuan a pound, but in reality there is a big difference.

How to let farmers share the high added value of the rice industry? What should local government officials do? The reporter has contacted several major leaders of the Wuchang Municipal Party Committee and the municipal government on several occasions. They all indicated that they were very busy on the phone and had no time to discuss this matter.

Lu Xueyi, president of the China Rural Sociological Research Society, believes that the issue of Wuchang rice's industrial development is currently representative. The purpose of the development of green agriculture and organic agriculture is to solve the problem of increasing farmers' income. This requires the local leaders to establish the concept of scientific development and the concept of governing for the people. In the construction of the coordination mechanism for the interests of agricultural enterprises, the government can not be absent, and the rich industries should be implemented. At the same time, it is necessary to solve the confusion in the circulation of agricultural products, and some black-hearted businessmen are taking the opportunity to seek improper profits.