First, the causes of winter wheat seedlings Internal factors. Refers to the ability of wheat plants to resist cold and drought. Using varieties with poor resistance to cold, it is easy to cause dead seedlings. Individual sowing is too early. Before winter, spikes differentiate into wheat seedlings in Erling, and the cold resistance is weakened. Seedlings, some late weak seedlings, have less accumulated sugar, and are also prone to dead seedlings when they encounter cold and drought. 2. External factors. Refers to various factors other than the wheat plant body, such as unfavorable weather, soil conditions and improper cultivation measures, which will cause dead seedlings, such as insufficient soil moisture, less winter and spring rains, and more cold winds can aggravate soil drought. The wheat tiller festival is in a sudden change in the cold and warm soil layer, resulting in serious death of the wheat seedlings, dead sea bream; salt in the saline soil can also lead to physiological dehydration of wheat and death, again as wheat chooses winter weak, childbirth The shallower varieties are vulnerable to the temperature and temperature difference. If the seedlings are sown, the growth and development of wheat strains is poor, and the seeding is too late, too deep, too dense and easy to form weak seedlings, which is not conducive to safe winter wheat, in the case of insufficient saggers. Do not freeze the water, causing the cold and cold to die. Second, to reduce the cultivation of dead seedlings measures 1. Use cold-resistant varieties. The use of winter strong and cold-resistant varieties is the most cost-effective measure to prevent freezing dead seedlings. All localities should adapt their measures to local conditions. When introducing varieties, they must first understand the characteristics of the varieties, and must not only have high yield but also have certain cold resistance, and should at least be able to grow safely in winter in most local years. 2. Seedling irrigation fertilizer. For early-season wheat fields with insufficient soil moisture at the bottom, the seedling stage water can be poured in the tillering stage. For wheat with weak base fertilizer, the urea can be topped with 5 to 10 kg of urea per acre of frozen wheat to achieve early-onset seedling growth. Ye Da, conducive to safe wintering, the main contradiction for the late broadcast seedlings is the lack of accumulated temperature, management should be cultivating loose soil to increase ground temperature and soil moisture conservation, seedlings should not be watered, otherwise cooling will affect the upgrade of wheat seedlings. 3. Winter irrigation timely. Winter irrigation can form a good soil moisture environment, adjust the soil nutrients in the cultivated layer, increase the heat capacity of the soil, winter irrigation so that the topsoil is sealed tightly, can promote the roots of more than one tiller, grow up, grow seedlings, reduce winter caused by drought and drought Dead seedlings and pouring frozen water are not only conducive to wintering and protecting seedlings, but also can mitigate the adverse effects of cold, drought and sudden changes in temperature in early spring. Therefore, it is an important measure to prevent dead seedlings in winter and spring. The winter irrigation time should be controlled when the daily average temperature falls to 3 °C ~ 5 °C, or when the night is cold, the end of freezing. 4. Science spreads dung. Pre-winter wheat cover is also a powerful measure to ensure safe winter wheat. It has obvious effect on fertility, wintering seedlings, and increasing wheat yield. The time is controlled after the wheat is frozen and spreads. The requirements for the construction of a mature manure of 4 to 5 square meters, up to 6 to 7 square meters, the fertilizer should be finely crushed, should be uniform when shop. 5. Timely pressure wheat. Compressed wheat can break the glutinous bark, make cracks, and practical soil, so that the wheat root and the soil are tightly combined to promote the development of the root system; the buckwheat also has the effect of lifting and protecting the barnyardgrass. For Wang Miao field with more than 1 million mu of stems, it is necessary to take measures to suppress wheat growth before winter, so as to achieve the purpose of inhibiting growth, reducing tillering and preventing late lodging. The general plots should be subjected to winter wheat pressing. In particular, plots with straw returning to the field and plots with less total stems before late winter must be subjected to winter barley compression. It is usually done after freezing on the soil. During the day, it should be done on a sunny day from noon to 4:00 pm. Do not press in the morning frost to avoid overweight. This measure can be combined with the spread of manure.
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