First, choose the right cattle. When you go to the market to buy beef cattle, start by looking for animals with a large mouth, wide nostrils, bright eyes, a long body, thick legs, and a strong tail. These characteristics indicate that the animal is healthy, eats well, and is less likely to suffer from diseases. Additionally, check the skin and hindquarters—look for soft, elastic skin and a plump, smooth hide. A good-quality beef cattle should have a full appearance, which means more meat and faster weight gain, leading to better economic returns.
Second, use the "three set three look" feeding method. First, assign a specific person to monitor the cattle's eating habits. This helps identify any unusual behavior early on, allowing for quick intervention. Second, set a regular feeding schedule: feed at 5 am, 10 am, and 5 pm, with an additional feeding at night if possible. Before each meal, offer a small amount of hay, then mix in the concentrate feed. After two hours, provide water again. During summer, adding a bit of salt can help prevent dehydration. The quantity of feed should not be overlooked, as it directly affects the cattle's growth. Third, observe the cattle’s condition—check their feces to ensure proper digestion and watch for rumination, which indicates a healthy digestive system.
Third, focus on three key management practices. First, in summer, keep calves in shaded, well-ventilated areas or under a pergola to avoid heat stress. In winter, place them in a sheltered, sunny location to keep them warm. Ensure the barn is clean and insulated. Second, regularly brush the cattle to stimulate blood circulation and maintain their coat health. Third, use a short lead rope to limit movement and encourage weight gain. Providing small, frequent meals will also help the cattle fatten up more efficiently.
Fourth, use fine grain feed and ensure proper nutrition. In corn-producing areas, corn stalks are ideal forage. In other regions, choose locally available feed that suits the cattle’s needs. Grass should be cut to about four inches in length, and the finer the better, as cattle prefer easily digestible food. Control the quantity and proportion of fine feeds carefully. Newly purchased cattle may have been fed little or nothing for a while, so introducing too much concentrate too quickly can cause digestive issues. Start with 1.5–2 kg of fine feed per day. The mix should include 30% cornmeal, 60% wheat bran, 10% soybean cake, and 1–2% salt, all mixed with water. After 10 days, gradually increase the concentrate to 5–7 kg per day. Adjust the ratio slightly during winter and spring for optimal results.
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