After harvesting of the peach fruit, the photosynthetic nutrients produced by the leaves are no longer used for fruit growth, but are used for flower bud differentiation, branch thickening, tissue maturation, and nutrient accumulation. It should be said that after the peach fruit is harvested, it is not the end of production management, but the beginning of harvest in the following year. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the management of fruit harvesting.
First, gradually withdraw membrane facilities Peach fruit harvest is completed, the withdrawal film should be completed in about 6 days. At the beginning, open the air outlet first. After a day or two, remove the bottom membrane and the top ventilation membrane. In a few days, the main film can be gradually pulled down and removed after 3-4 days.
Second, raise the crown
1. Trim after uncovering. Facilities Peach fruits are generally harvested in mid-to late May. After uncovering, peach trees continue to grow and undergo flower bud differentiation. It is worth noting that the shoot segment formed in the greenhouse cannot undergo normal flower bud differentiation, and only the new shoot segment formed after uncovering can undergo flower bud differentiation and flower bud breeding. Therefore, after uncovering, the tip section formed in the shed must be pruned to cultivate new results. Immediately cut pests and branches and leggy branches, cut off the prolonged shoots of the stems, and trim the remaining shoots. Cut off, promote the formation of fruit branches.
First, it is necessary to drop the central leadership so that the overall height of each tree canopy is reduced by about 70 centimeters, with an average height of 1.5 meters. Second, it is necessary to cut back the mediocre branch and allow it to be retracted to the middle or rear part of the birthplace and re-cultivated and developed into the main branch. Third, we need to eliminate a few main branches that are not well-positioned or overly large. At the same time we need to re-cultivate new branches to allow them to develop into new main branches. Fourthly, prune each branch and branch of the main branch and the main branch carefully, and remove the branch of the cross in the crown, the overlapping branch, the branch of the pest, the weak branch, and the crowded branch; the bare part can be cut and promoted. Take a new branch and take up space. Heavy short cut in the long branch, retaining the flat oblique meander branches. When the tree body is recut, it will stimulate the sprouting of new sprouts and new shoots. After the new branches and buds are still treated according to the buckled film, the buds, toppings, de-emergence, thinning, branching, and cleaning are timely. Cultivating main branches and result branches. Fifthly, for the initial result tree, where the branch angle is small, it is necessary to pull the branch open angle to promote flower bud differentiation.
2. Summer trim. In early June and mid-August, the period of vigorous growth of peach trees and flower buds differentiation period, pruning in this period should first be carried out when the new shoots grow to about 30 centimeters, picking the heart a total of 2-3 times; followed by the sparse sticks. In addition, there are space upright shoots for twisting; the third is to pull branches, especially the first year of planting trees, its purpose is to create good ventilation and light conditions, control prosperous, in order to facilitate the formation of flower buds.
3. Dormant trim. In mid-November, the tree was trimmed during dormancy. In this period, a combination of short cuts and thin branches was used. The main extension branches were generally cut off by 30-40 cm. The bouquet-like branches were only sparsely cut. The densely growing fruit branches were to be straightened to stay oblique; the result was that the shoots should be updated and rejuvenated. Keep the branches and brilliance strong.
Third, soil dressing
After the film is removed, topdressing should be carried out in time. Peach trees that have a large number of results and consume large amounts of tree nutrients must be applied early and reused. Every l rows, dig 30-40 cm in depth and 30 cm in width in the fertilization ditch. Each manure is applied to 20-30 kg of excrement or manure, and 100-150 g of compound fertilizer. Then the soil is sealed. In addition, the roots that have been exposed after excavation have to be pruned in combination with ditching, and the root system should be renewed and reduced so that the tree expansion rate can be controlled by reducing the root volume. The second fertilization was carried out in mid-to-late September. The method was the same as the previous year's basal fertilization, but the fertilizing was done on the other side of the planting line. Each year, the position of the fertilization ditch should be digging. When topdressing, it is necessary to control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used to prevent shoots from becoming long and affect flower bud differentiation. Since peach is a chlorine-tolerant crop, the use of chlorine-containing fertilizers can cause root rot, yellow leaves, and even plant death. Therefore, do not use chlorine-containing fertilizers such as ammonium chloride and potassium chloride.
Fourth, because of watering
After the soil is topdressed or during the summer drought, watering needs to be determined according to soil moisture. Peach irrigation methods include furrow irrigation, flood irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation. After the watering or after the rain, it should be loosened in time to prevent soil compaction.
V. spraying paclobutrazol
After the pruning of the harvested fruit, combined with the summer shear, it should also control the growth of the new shoot with paclobutrazol to promote flower bud formation. At the end of June or beginning of July, spray 200-300 times 15% paclobutrazol every 15 days or so. Spray the cloth uniformly and continuously spray 2-3 times.
Sixth, foliar spray fertilizer
After the withdrawal of the film, combined with disease-prevention and disinfestation, a 1,000-fold "Tianda-2116" (fruit tree-specific) + 0.7% brown sugar + 0.3% urea solution is sprayed once every 10-15 days for 3-4 consecutive times. After the end of June, use 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.7% brown sugar solution alternately with it, once every 7 days, continuous spraying 3-4 times. Or with 0.3% urea + 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0.2% photosynthetic fertilizer, its purpose is to increase the assimilation of leaves, increase nutrient storage of the tree, promote flower bud differentiation, improve flower bud quality.
Seventh, drainage prevention
Peach trees are afraid of leeches. Once the water in the fields lasts for more than 24 hours, the trees may die due to water stains. Therefore, after the film is removed, it still has to rise from a high ridge. Pay attention to drainage, prevent accumulation of roots, and then have adverse effects on the ground.
Eight, weeding weeding
After each irrigation, it is necessary to loosen the soil and remove weeds in order to increase soil permeability, activate root physiological functions, and promote root growth.
9. Pest Control
1. Disease. The main diseases of peach trees are bacterial perforation, brown spot holes, and downy mildew, but they are much lighter than open-air cultivation. When used for prevention and control, conventional bactericidal drugs such as zeinzin, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, etc. can be used alternately, and the concentration is generally 600-800 times.
2. Pests. The occurrence of the more common and serious is peach aphid, whitefly, tumor acanthus, available chrysanthemum fast spirit, Wan Ling, fast killing spirit and enemy killing and other drug control, is strictly prohibited the use of organic phosphorus pesticides.
3. 螨 class. Less occurs in the greenhouse, a large number of uncovered membranes, available broom net, Nisuo Long and other drugs to prevent and control, the concentration is generally 1000-2000 times.
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