Spodoptera litura

Spodoptera litura [Prodenia litura Fabr.] Synonyms Spodoptera litura (Fabricius), also known as Plutella xylostella, tawny night moth, the larval vegetable farmers commonly known as large insects, classified on the Lepidoptera, Noctuidae. Spodoptera litura is a type of omnivorous and gluttonous pests that endanger the host. Except cruciferous vegetables, it can also endanger nearly 100 families including melon, eggplant, bean, onion, leeks, spinach, and grain and cash crops. More than 300 kinds of plants.

Hazardous characteristics: The larvae eat leaves, buds, flowers and fruits. The instar larvae infest the lower epidermis and leaves of the leaves, leaving only the epidermis with transparent spots. After the fourth instar, they enter into binge eating and eat leaves, leaving only the main vein. In Chinese cabbage and broccoli, larvae can also drill into the leaf ball to endanger the interior, empty the interior, and excrete fecal matter, causing pollution, which can reduce or even lose the value of the commodity.
Morphology: Spodoptera litura is a dark-brown moth with moderately small body size (14 to 20 mm in length and 35 to 40 mm in wingspan). Its front wing markings are complex. Its markings are most prominent in the middle of two wavy lines. Obvious extension of the leucorrhea, hence the name Spodoptera litura. The larvae are generally 6 years old, and the mature larvae have a body length of nearly 50 mm. The head is dark brown, and the body color is changeable. It is generally dark brown, but also has yellowish brown, brownish green to dark brown, and the top line is orange-yellow, on the Asian backline. The inner segments have a nearly half-moon-like or triangular-shaped dark spot.
Habits: This worm year has 4 generations (North China) to 9th generation (Guangdong), generally wintering with mature larvae or pupa in the weeds at the base of the field. There is no real overwintering phenomenon in Guangzhou. In the area north of the Yangtze River, the worm could be frozen to death in winter, and the overwintering problem has not been conclusive. It is speculated that the native worm source may have migrated from the south. The Yangtze River basin mostly occurred in July-August, and the Yellow River Basin was mostly in August-September. Adult night out activities, strong flying force, with phototaxis and chemotaxis, particularly sensitive to fermented foods such as sweet and sour wine. The eggs are prolific in the bifurcation of the leaf veins on the back of the leaves. The dense, dark green crops produce more eggs and are produced in large numbers. Eggs are often covered with scales and are easily detected. The newly hatched larvae have a habit of colony damage, and they begin to disperse after the third instar. The old larvae have plunging and feign death. They lurk in the earth seam during the day and climb out of the soil in the evening. When the food is insufficient or not, the larvae can migrate in groups to harm the nearby fields. Therefore, there is a common name for “bugs”. Spodoptera litura development temperature is 29 ~ 30 °C, generally high temperature years and seasons favorable for its development, reproduction, low temperature is easy to cause a large number of insect death. Although the insectivory is complex, the situation of foodstuffs, including different hosts, even different developmental stages or organs of the same host, and the abundance of foodstuffs, have a significant impact on their fertility. Intercropping, high index of cropping, or excessive dense planting will help it happen. Natural enemies have parasitic larvae such as bumble bees and polyhedral viruses.
Control methods
1, agricultural control. 1 Remove weeds and plough or irrigate soil after harvest to destroy or worsen their phlegm-removing sites, which will help reduce the source of insects. 2 Combine and manage newly hatched larvae that remove egg mass and cluster hazards to reduce the source of insects.
2, physical control. 1 spotlight moth. The use of adult phototaxis, black light trapping in the prosperous period, 2 sweet and sour trapping. Adult worms were used to synthesize sweet vinegar (sugar : vinegar : wine : water = 3 : 4 : 1 : 2) plus a small amount of trichlorfon to attract moths. 3 switchgrass shed 500 times the enemy to trap the moth.
3, chemical control. Before the age of 3, the stage of spotting can be combined with field management to carry out the selection and treatment, instead of spraying all over the field. After the 4th instar night out, it should be done before and after the evening. Pharmaceutics can use 5% Ruijinte Suspension 2500x or 15% worms 1500x, 2.5% Uranus or 20% Xerox Emulsion 3000x, 5.7% Herbin Emulsion 4000 Diluent, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2500 times, 5% lelifec 2000 times, 2.5% diflubenzuron, or 25% malathion 1000 times, or 5% stuck, or 5 % Agricultural Dream special 2 000 ~ 3000 times liquid, 5% Sulfochlor EC 2000 times, 20% Mimangel Suspension 2000 times, 44% Sak Emulsion 1000 - 1500 Times 4.5% High efficiency anti-cypermethrin Emulsion 3000 times liquid, etc., 10 times a day, use 2-3 times, alternating spray.

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