The pollution-free aquatic science breeding is not complicated. It means that the breeding environment, production process and product quality should all meet the requirements of the relevant national standards. The products are certified and have obtained the national pollution-free product logo. The technical requirement is that the quality of cultured water meets the water quality improvement requirements of “No-pollution Food Freshwater Aquaculture Water Quality†(NY5051). The soil quality should meet the requirements of the “Non-Hazardous Aquatic Product Origin Environmentâ€, and the appropriate water body space should be used at the same time to master the stocking density and The scientific methods for disease prevention and control, the health of the aquaculture management personnel, and the strict operation in accordance with the requirements, make every work step comply with the pollution-free feeding requirements, so as to achieve the production-free, high-efficiency, non-toxic, non-pollution pollution-free aquatic product standards.
Choose breeding environment
Fresh air should be selected, the water source should be clean, the irrigation and drainage should be convenient, and the traffic should be good. There should be no pollution from the paper mills, brewing factories, food processing plants, and the textile industry. Agriculture: Use limited quantities, limited varieties, limited time artificial synthetic pesticides, veterinary drugs, fertilizers, feeds, and additives, and reclaim farm films as required; in terms of life: use less detergent or use environmentally friendly detergents to save water and water pollution Green lifestyle environmental conditions.
Pond cleaning and disinfection
Clear pond is an important part of the pollution-free aquaculture process. The main tasks are: pond trimming, removal of excess sludge (holding about 20 centimeters), and exposure of the bottom of the pond for more than 20 days to fully decompose and transform the organic matter in the sludge. Substrate effect. Remove predator organisms, use 70-80 kilograms of quick lime per acre, disinfect or disinfect with compound microbial preparations.
Scientifically regulate water quality
We must ensure good water quality and make the water pollution-free. Water quality is easily affected by various factors such as fertilization, feeding, application of pesticides, irrigation, drainage, excrement of farmed animals, secretions, and reproductive growth and residue of aquatic organisms. The use of quicklime or Chinese herbal medicine or Bacillus and EM and other micro-ecological preparations to regulate water quality, algae decomposition of harmful substances, adjust the pH, fertilizer and water to improve the water environment.
Seed selection and disinfection
Aquaculture conventional species include: grass, blue, oysters, clams, squid, etc.; mid-to-long-term breeds of high school grades include: Peng yao, tilapia, catfish, catfish, California clam, South American white shrimp, southern clam , Siberian oysters, etc.; special aquatic products are: squid, loach, pearl oysters, clams, green tail turtles, snails, crabs, shrimp and so on. It is best to scientifically select the seed according to their own technical experience, level of study and market demand.
Scientific stocking fish species
The water temperature is relatively low, the water quality of the thin pond: acres of seedlings about 300, including grass carp 180, carp 75, carp, carp, carp each 10, carp 20; more aquatic ponds: There are 100 tails of grass carp per mu, each with 20 pigtails, oysters, cockroaches, earthworms, and quail; 250-300 tails of fingerlings of more than 12 centimeters in length for ponds rich in water quality and rich in natural feed. , Carp 50-60 tail, grass carp 100-150 tail, carp 50-60 tail, carp, bream, carp 25-30 each, such as water is very fat, but also put 300 tilapia. Special polyculture: polyculture of crabs and shrimps; in late June, put 20,000 to 20,000 pigs per acre in the end of the year; polyculture in fish ponds, and raise the larvae cultivated in greenhouses into fish farming in early June. In the pool, put 30-50 eggs per acre, polyculture of crabs and fish, and in the crab pool, stock some 50 species of carp species or other carnivorous species reared in the current year in early June. , In the shrimp culture ponds, stocked bred bred or warm peony, green oyster, and mud snail.
Science feeding feed
Animal feed should be fresh and palatable without pathogenic bacteria; green feed should be tender and refreshing; artificial feed should meet feed hygienic indicators and the limit should be based on the "safety limit for compound feeds for non-polluted food fish" standards, and the quality and specifications should be used to match the culture target. To adapt to the high-quality feed, the feed should be stable in water, the shrimp feed should be 4-6 hours, and the fish feed should be 2 hours. Adhere to the principle of four principles, scientific feeding, according to the weather, water quality and feeding conditions to grasp the amount of feeding.
Strengthen day-to-day management
Strengthen the patrol pond and regularly measure water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH. Adjust water quality, sterilize and sterilize, keep the water body in an appropriate state, open an aerator, keep the dissolved oxygen of the water body at 5mg/L or more, observe the change of pool water, drain the old water at the right time, add new water, or flush the water to make the cultivation The water body maintains a tender and refreshing state.
Science to prevent diseases
Pollution-free aquaculture is extremely important for the prevention and control of pests and predators, and adheres to the principle of “full prevention of active treatmentâ€. Preventive measures are mainly to create a good ecological environment for the complete disinfection of water bodies, feeds, foods, and tools. Pool sprinkling of pure Chinese medicine preparations to reduce stress, especially in the rainy season, the feed is easily contaminated by mold, can be added to the feed to increase the resistance of Chinese herbal medicine, folk experience rice or quail coexisting with aquatic products, cultivation, breeding rotation, Harbin prevention and polyculture, ecological disease prevention and other methods worth borrowing. Thorough inspection, timely removal of predator organisms, early diagnosis of the disease, determine the cause of the disease, prescribe the right medicine, safe medication, scientific medication, according to the "non-polluted food, fishery drugs use guidelines" provisions, the use of high-efficiency and low toxicity drug treatment, try to use Chinese herbal medicine or Biological agents, can not use antibiotics.
Scientific medication
Whether the medication method is used properly or not plays a decisive role in the control effect. Medication methods are internal methods (pharmacy bait method), according to the aquaculture animal's condition, the correct prescription, the appropriate drugs in their favorite and more viscous green material or feed, the drug with the feed into the body, Treats bacterial infections in the body and kills parasites. There are also methods such as Quanchiposa, Hanging method and body bathing method, local painting method and injection method, etc. The dosage and times and time of medicines should be used as required.
Pay attention to the shortest time from the final stop of the administration date to the time when aquatic products are marketed as foods: bleaching powder is greater than or equal to 15 days; chlorine dioxide, sodium dichloroisocyanurate trichloroisocyanuric acid is greater than or equal to 10 days; oral oxolinic acid is greater than Or equal to 21 days (squid, sweetfish) is greater than or equal to 25 days (bismuth); oxytetracycline is greater than or equal to 21 days (bismuth), etc. to eliminate drug residues before they can be listed for sale.
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