(I) Feeding management of dairy cows before childbirth
1. Prepare delivery room. For dairy cows with good body condition and well-developed breasts, high quality coarse material (mainly hay) can be fed from the month before delivery, and less concentrate can be fed. Prepare the delivery room, disinfect the delivery room and equipment, and ensure that the delivery room is clean, dry, and free of sire.
2. The amount of concentrate feed is determined 60 days before delivery according to the public opinion. Generally, the amount of concentrate fed on a day cannot exceed 4 kilograms. The concentrated feed is mainly based on high-quality hay. This will not only enhance the digestive capacity of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent over-fat of the cows, but also help the cows to produce calves. At this point should pay attention to the supply of calcium, phosphorus and other inorganic salts, reduced to the usual 1/31/2, the general supply of calcium accounted for 0.2% to 0.25% of dry matter in the diet is appropriate, phosphorus 0.24% It is appropriate.
3. Feed concentrates and perform health checks. Dairy cows start 10 to 15 days before calving, and on the basis of feeding 1 to 1.8 kg of fine material per day, 0.5 kg will be added every day until the amount of concentrate feeding reaches 1% to 1.2% of body weight. Up to 56 kg). This method can induce cows to feed more concentrates and store enough nutrients in the body before calving to provide abundant energy and protein at the peak of milk production. Allow the cows to enter the delivery room 2 weeks before delivery and have a health check on the cows.
4. Reduce fine material, add light laxatives. About 1 week before the birth of a cow, if the breast is over-inflated or swollen, the feeding of concentrate and succulent feed should be appropriately reduced, and the amount of activity should be appropriately increased. Two or three days before delivery, diarrhea feed should be added to prevent constipation. Its formula is: 70% bran, 20% corn, 10% barley, plus 2% salt and bone meal. The hindquarters and vulva of the cows were washed with 2% to 3% of the solution of Lysol, wrapped in bandages and tied to one side, replaced with clean and soft bedding to keep the environment quiet.
5. Strengthen the breast massage for newly born cattle. Early-producing cows In the later stages of pregnancy, the breeder should have more exposure to it, and at the latest two or three months before giving birth, he is accustomed to the management of lactating cattle, including milking operations. The initial production of cows prenatal massage breasts, can promote the growth and development of the breast, can increase the milk production after delivery by 10% 20%, promote human and animal affinity, to prevent kicking injuries. The specific approach is: starting in about two or three months before delivery, massaging the breast 2 or 3 times a day (1 time in the morning, evening and evening), each massage lasts for 510 minutes until 7 days before delivery. Do not wipe the nipple during the massage process so as not to wipe off the waxy protection around the nipple.
6. Prevent mastitis. When we stop breastfeeding, the use of drugs for nipple closure can effectively prevent postpartum mastitis. Specific approach: After the last squeezing of milk, take powder of penicillin 3.2 million units, powder 2 million units of streptomycin, mixed into 100150 ml of vegetable oil after high temperature sterilization, fully mix well, use the Tongmai needle injection Nipple holes. In addition, there are also finished products "dry milk needles" sold on the market, which also have a good effect in preventing mastitis.
(B) Postpartum care of dairy cows
l. Provide cows with a dry, warm, comfortable and quiet living environment. Minimize external stimuli and supply warm and hot water throughout the day.
2. After midwifery, feed plenty of warm gruel. Bran, salt, carbonated calcium porridge 15 kg (bran 12 kg, salt 100150 g, calcium carbonate 50 g), can play a warm belly, hunger, increase abdominal pressure, which is conducive to the tires discharge. But pay attention to salt can not be fed too much, otherwise it will lead to breast edema, while feeding the main high-quality hay for the cows, feeding corn, bran and other digestible feed, control milk feeding.
3. To promote uterine recovery and lochia discharge. If the cow feeds at the same time after warming Motherwort brown sugar water (Motherwort 250 grams, water 1,5 kilograms, fried into water, then add 1 kilogram of brown sugar and 3 kilograms of water), once a day, even for 2 to 3 days . For the cow's lochia net discharge and postpartum uterus recovery have a good role in promoting the post-natal extremely weak cow, with glucose physiological saline 1500 ~ 2000 ml, 25% glucose 500 ml, 20% of the sodium injection Liquid 10 ml mixed, 1 intravenous injection.
4. As soon as possible after the delivery, drive the cow up. To reduce bleeding, but also conducive to the resettlement of reproductive organs. At the same time, the birth canal examination should be conducted promptly. If the injury area is large, it should be sutured and smeared with sulfonamides. If the bleeding is large, the hemostasis should be promptly ligated. If there is no abnormality in the birth canal, the patient is still responsible.
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