Antibiotic abuse or will destroy a generation

Recently, Yao Jianhong, deputy director of the Department of Drug Administration of the Ministry of Public Health, stated in public that antibiotics destroyed a generation of Chinese people. The average Chinese person has 8 bottles of water per person per year. China is the country with the most serious abuse of antibiotics worldwide. In addition to economic benefits, the abuse of antibiotics also comes from the patient's stress and the doctor's medication habits. Last month, the new version of the "Administrative Measures for the Clinical Application of Antimicrobial Agents (Consultation Draft)" ended its collection of opinions. Compared with the first version of the "Draft for Comment" in April, it was called "the strictest ever" clinical management of antimicrobial agents. . It is expected that this management plan will be officially implemented this year.

In 2007, Professor Xiao Yonghong and colleagues from the Ministry of Health made a survey and showed that China produces about 210,000 tons of antibiotic raw materials annually, exports about 30,000 tons, uses 180,000 tons domestically (including medical and agricultural use), and consumes per capita annually. About 138 grams - 10 times that of Americans. In the top 10 of all medicine consumption, cephradine and ceftriaxone accounted for half of the country.

According to statistics, China has an average of 8 bottles of water per person per year, which is much higher than the international level of 2.5-3.3 bottles. China has become a "big bottle carrier." Xiao Yonghong said that "water" is nothing more than sugar water, salt water, plus some drugs, and the increase in drugs is up to antibiotics. Foreign clinics basically do not use infusions. The Chinese have a misunderstanding that fever and cold are better, and it is best to go to the hospital to hang a bottle. In fact, the medicines that are eaten are not different from those that are imported into the body. Those who can infuse in the clinic can eat on their own, and certainly can take their own medicine, the same effect as oral and injection.

Regarding the extent of the abuse of antibiotics in China, Xiao Yonghong said that even if you go to the smallest clinic to see, as long as the patient comes, no matter what the disease, will use antibiotics. “Especially in basic hospitals, no matter what the patient comes, anyway, it is vitamins, hormones, and antibiotics plus a bottle of water. We often describe it as 'three prime one soup.'” Inpatients in China, the use of antibiotics The rate of 70% is twice that of Europe and the United States. Of these patients, almost everyone uses surgical antibiotics, which is as high as 97%. In fact, less than 20% of patients really need antibiotics.

In August, when the United States officials continued to trace the source of the Salmonella outbreak that caused dozens of infections in 26 states, the latest scientific discovery revealed that a very drug-resistant Super Salmonella named "Kentucky" would spread worldwide. In October last year, two children in Ningxia were detected with the superbug NDM-1, which is resistant to most antibacterial drugs.

"Super bacteria" threatens the world. On the World Health Day on April 7 this year, the first fair for rational drug use was held, which coincided with the theme of World Health Day - "Resistance to drug resistance: No action today, there will be no medicine available tomorrow." Xiao Yonghong said that no drug is not sensational and it has already appeared in actual clinical practice.

The scary aspect of superbugs is super-resistance, and no antibiotic drug can work on it. Xiao Yonghong said that it is resistant to all drugs and was first discovered abroad. It has also begun to appear in China. In recent years, super bacteria have basically existed in hospitals, and now China has found it in the community. Moreover, bacterial resistance genes will be transmitted among different bacteria. If their resistance genes are transmitted to highly pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella and Shigella, not only hospitalized patients, but normal people will also be seriously affected. Threatened.

In addition, it is an indisputable fact that there are many antibiotics in the environment. According to the customs inspection report, products that were rejected outside the customs due to residual antibiotics accounted for 20% of the exported products. “Even if it is an export product, it can detect 20% residue. It can be inferred that if it is not an export product, the figure is even higher.” Some countries suggest that it is better to take some measures in the research and development of antibiotics, such as the development of new drugs, encouraging Companies go for drugs that are treated with drug resistant infections rather than imitations. Some people even suggested that taxes should be imposed on antibacterial drugs. If an original new drug is used, the tax is borne by the user. If a generic drug is used, the tax is borne by the company and the company is prevented from copying too much. But this proposal currently only stays at the institutional research level.