Chuzhou Zaohong Pomelo is an early-maturity new strain that was selected from the grapefruit category in Lishui Lincui for 15 years. Its fruit matures before the Mid-Autumn Festival, and its size is moderate. The flesh is dark red and the juice is soft and brittle, juicy and sweet. Acid taste is a good product for modern family consumption and gifts. Chuzhou early red grapefruit fruit production, economic benefits significantly. Grafting seedlings began to bear fruit in the third year after planting, 6-7 years into the rich period, the average yield of 50 kg, up to 80 kg, 2000-3500 kg per mu, high yield and stable production. In the middle of the maturity of the mandarin orange on the high, with good affinity, then restore the tree potential, the fruit of the second year, the normal operation in the third year. Phenophase: In early March, germination begins, buds shoot exposed, buds emerge in mid-March, and until spring in early April, growth ceases. The flowers begin in early April, and bloom in mid-April. The flowers fall in early May. The first physiological fruit drop period occurs in mid-May and the second physiological fruit drop period occurs in the middle and early June. At the end of May, crops began to form. Nuclei formed in the middle and early June and entered the stable fruit period in mid-July. The fruit coloring period began in late August and matured in mid-late September. The key points of cultivation of Zaozhou Zaohong grapefruit are as follows:
1, nursery.
Chuzhou Red Grapefruit is grafted and propagated in the same way as other oranges, but rootstocks should be used correctly. The stalk anvil has the strongest cold resistance, the main root is shallow, the small lateral roots and the fibrous roots are particularly developed, and it is slightly acidic and moisture-resistant. It is suitable for soils with abundant water and organic matter, dwarfing, early fruiting, and early maturing. It can bear fruit in the first three years of planting. The age is shorter. Grafted pomelo, strong affinity, high graft survival rate, large tree, lush growth, good stress resistance, should be deep, fertile, well-drained soil.
2, planting
2.1 Park site selection The newly planted state Zaohong Hongyou should choose a sheltered slope that is 350 meters above sea level. The soil layer is deep, the soil is loose and fertile, and it is rich in organic matter and well-drained sections. The mountain cultivation is suitable for slopes below 20o. garden.
2.2 Site preparation digging holes Digging holes is an important measure to improve site conditions and is the basis for early fruits, high quality and high yields. The mountain must be a terraced land, and after the slope is changed into a ladder, a planting ditch or a planting hole with a depth of 1 m and a width of 1 m should be excavated. Flatland and paddy fields need to be built with stilts (30-40 cm in height) and digging irrigation trenches. In the process of soil preparation, sufficient organic fertilizer should be applied. For each planting hole, 50-100 kg of manure or other farm organic fertilizer should be applied. It is better to apply the base fertilizer sooner rather than later.
2.3 Planting Density The planting density is usually set to 34 meters for the anvil and 50-60 for the mu. The flat land can be slightly sparse. Due to the early production of red pomelos in Chuzhou, early production, stable production, early maturation, good economic returns, appropriate close planting can be achieved earlier, improve land use efficiency and economic efficiency, the density of 32 meters, 110 acres of plants as well, into the fruit During the replanting period, 55 plants/mu will be retained.
3. Shaping and trimming Zaozhou Zaohong pomelo can be naturally rounded or natural semi-circular pruning. The cut-off height is about 30-45 cm. After the new shoots are released, more base branches are left, the heart is picked up in time, the branches are promoted, and the opening angles of the main branch and the auxiliary main branch are increased by pulling, supporting and lifting the branches to cultivate a natural circle. Head shaped crown.
The result of the mother twigs of the Cangzhou Zaohong pomelo was sufficient to enrich the spring tip, so the pruning was not precise, and only the dead branches, diseased shoots, and overlapping branches were removed.
4, to strengthen the fertilizer and water management office state early red grapefruit flower and fruit high yield, nutrient consumption, according to the results of the amount of fertilizer and tree growth to meet its requirements, general production per kilogram of per kilogram of state red fruit tea, Each year should apply 100-150 kilos of urea, 60-100 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 30-50 kg of potash, while applying more organic fertilizer, 30-50 kg of fertilizer per plant or 2-3 kg of cake fertilizer, improve fruit quality.
5. Sparse fruits and fruits at the state's early red pomelo flower, in order to reduce the consumption of nutrients, can be implemented during the flower buds. Simultaneously with fruit thinning, when the first physiological fruiting is basically completed and the young fruit is 2-3 cm in size, the number of fruits per inflorescence should be determined based on the nutrient status, fertilizer and water conditions, management level, market demand, and consumer psychology. Remove malformed fruit, pests and diseases, and maintain uniform distribution of the entire tree.
6. The types and specific control methods of the disease-prevention and control department of the state-prepared and early-stage red grapefruit pests are the same as those of other citrus fruit trees.
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