Xinping County is a large grain producing county in Yunnan Province and is one of the key commodity grain production bases in Yunnan Province. Xinping County's rice cultivation system is mainly divided into early, middle and late rice cultivation, and the early and late rice areas are mainly distributed in deserts, waist streets, chic areas, and reservoirs in the low-heat valleys along the Red River. In recent years, the production of late rice in Xinping County is mainly affected by the “two diseases†(ie bacterial leaf blight and bacterial leaf streak) epidemic hazard loss, generally 30 to 50%. In order to strengthen the production of late rice, popularize high-yield cultivation techniques, and implement the implementation of agricultural science and technology households rice demonstration project as an opportunity, put forward the technical points suitable for the cultivation of late rice in our county for science and technology instructors and farmers.
I. Variety selection
The cultivation of late rice is mainly based on hybrid rice varieties. The late rice variety in our county is dominated by the Gangyou series, with the key promotion of Gangyou 527, Gangyou 725, Gangyou 734, etc., and the appropriate combination of Yixiang series such as Yixiang 3003 and Yixiang 725. The promotion and application of new varieties shall be conducted strictly according to tests, demonstrations and promotion procedures, and varieties shall be cultivated with high-resistance, high-yield and high-quality varieties.
Second, the way of childbirth
The way of rearing rice in late rice is mainly due to dry seedlings, supplemented by casting seedlings. Take dry nursery eaves as an example:
Rice drought breeding and sparse planting techniques: 1, strong glutinous rice standard: dry bred larvae is the standard of seedlings dwarf strong pier, leaves straight up not covered, leaf color green yellow, no spots; stem diameter, stem flat, Flexible, well-growth, and well-developed roots; seedling height is no more than 13 cm, with 1 or 2 births. 2. Trampoline selection: Choose a dryland near the water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, low groundwater level, sunny leeward, plenty of organic matter in soil, good grain structure, and acidity. Avoid low-lying, poor drainage, soil viscosity, compaction, alkaline soil. Each mu of field requires 15 to 24 m2 of paddy fields, and the area of ​​net trampoline after opening and digging is 10 to 15 m2. 3. Pipeline fertilization: It is convenient for drainage and irrigation, usually vertical to Tiantian, with a width of 1.2-1.5m, and a width of 0.5. m, the length does not exceed 15m. It is advisable to use high sorghum and low ditch at the time of management, and the surface of sorghum should be 7 to 10 cm above the ditch, and keep the drainage of the channel smooth. Per square meter of smelting and finely sifting farmyard fertilizer 7-10kg, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of compound fertilizer 100-150g, zinc sulphate 7-10g, strong scorpion agent 100g, fully mixed and mixed with the surface layer of soil. Base fertilizers are prohibited from basic fertilizers such as urea, ammonium bicarbonate, and ash. In order to prevent blight, sprinkle 70% of dexamethasone WP 1.5 grams per square meter. 4, seed treatment: 25% carbendazim concentration of 0.3% solution was sterilized for 24 hours, and then washed with water can be sown. 5, sowing cover soil: before sowing through the bottom of the water before sowing, seed till the seedlings, even sowing, covering the fine soil 1cm or so, avoid using grass and other basic materials such as ash and raw manure, straw and other coverings, should not be covered with soil after pouring water. Around the seedbed, a 30 cm high plastic film was used to enclose the rodent control. 6. Trampoline management: Moisture management is performed alternately with dry, wet and wet. The first water is poured about 12 days after sowing. The trampoline is no longer top-dressing, and more topdressing can easily result in shallow roots, which is unfavorable for root development. In order to prevent leggy seedlings from reaching the goal of strong seedlings, 1 leaf can be sprayed with 15% Paclobutrazol wettable powder. 7. Planting and transplanting: Late rice can be transplanted for 18 to 20 days. Transplanting small seedlings and transporting the seedlings by hand to the field for transplanting.
Third, standard transplanting
Daejeang Site Preparation: The paddy field should be deeply ploughed and leveled, and the field should hold 3 to 5 cm of water. The mud should be exposed below 3 cm in the water holding field in the field. The late rice fertilizer should be used for fertilization. The principle of "applying" is, in particular, to reduce the base fertilizer of bitter gourd and other vegetable crops by half, and to increase the use of sugarcane, rice, and corn for the former crop. Apply 50g of common calcium per hectare of base fertilizer and 60kg of farmhouse music 1 (special rice). .
Article specifications: Practice has proved that strip planting is 5-15% or more higher than conventional planting, and even higher, late rice transplanting is recommended to use two types of fertility fields to pull lines. That is, Dafenglitian uses “Dragon Dragon to the seaâ€. Wide and narrow row planting, row spacing specification is 〔(4+8)2〕3(inch) or 〔(5+10)2〕3(inch), single plant transplant, acre planting 2.8-30000 bunches; medium fertility field Planting with spacing and other lines, plant spacing specifications of 64 inches or 7.53 inches, single plant transplant, acres planted 2.8 - 30,000 bushes.
Fourth, Honda Management
Weeding and weeding: We chose the “Jindalong Medicine Fertilizerâ€, an integrated fertilization and herbicide product developed by China Agricultural University and Guangxi Letu Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd. The product can achieve multiple effects such as fertilization, weeding, and yield increase. On the basis of applying a certain amount of basal fertilizer, 5 to 7 days after transplanting or throwing hoe, Mu Jinlong 10kg urea, 5kg urea, the field to maintain the water layer 3 ~ 5cm to reach 5 to 7 days, so that the heart can not be flooded During the period of application, water was not drained, and normal field management resumed after 7 days.
Pest control: 1. Locust: mainly caused by the infestation of the rice stem borer, 60 g of water and land use (50% insecticidal single effervescent granules) per mu, and it is highly permeable, and it can be completely eliminated within 30 minutes after the water enters the water. It can quickly disintegrate and form a thin film on the surface of the water and crops. Slow release can prolong the duration of the drug, or apply 98% Badan original powder 50g. 2. Fuzhou snails: 45% Baimu Hupui flour 100g mixed with semolina for uniform application. 3, bacterial leaf blight and thin strip disease. For bacterial diseases, the weather is prone to turbulent weather. The rate of weathering is very fast, and the blades are dehydrated and dried up, often resulting in large areas of late rice. The prevention and treatment methods suggest that the village group as a unit to carry out pesticide control, the incidence of early or not before the onset of spraying prevention, the use of pesticides 72% per acre of streptomycin 20g +20% 20% Ye Kuning wettable powder 100g mixed spraying, every 7 Tiantong Anti-Communist Prevention and Control for more than two times can play a role in inhibiting the proliferation of pathogens.
Fifth, timely harvest
The late rice harvest season is in the rainy season, so early harvest is needed. The maturity of the grain in the field is about 70%, that is, harvesting and threshing. Drainage and ripening are performed 10 days before harvest. The same day, the same day, the threshing day cools the sun, ensuring that the grain is in good condition and is harvested. After the straw bales are piled up, the ploughs can be used as soon as possible to plant the next crop.
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