With the rapid development of the soft-shelled turtle aquaculture industry, the level of aquaculture has gradually increased and the aquaculture production has increased rapidly. The market price of the soft-shelled turtle has been affected by the relationship between supply and demand, which has caused a huge test for the soft-shelled turtle industry. How to deal with the confusing market and reduce the risk of breeding is an important issue for every farmer.
The key to the success of soft-shelled turtle aquaculture is daily management, and integrating energy-saving and cost-reducing concepts into daily management is the key to gaining benefits. The daily management of soft-shelled turtle farming generally focuses on water temperature control, feed feeding, water quality control, and medication. After these four aspects are refined, the investment can be saved at every stage and the best results can be obtained.
First, water temperature, temperature control turtles in the water temperature range of 30 °C ~ 32 °C is the best growing environment. When the water temperature is higher than 20°C, the soft-shelled turtle begins to feed and the food intake increases with the increase of water temperature. The water temperature is lower than the optimal temperature, the synthesis of digestive enzymes is low, and the conversion rate of bait is reduced. If the water temperature is higher than the optimal temperature, the activity will increase, and the bait conversion rate will also be reduced. Therefore, the heating and insulation work on this link is very important. The water and air temperature should be kept within the optimal range. Too high and too low will cause waste. And in the insulation, avoid water temperature, temperature fluctuations in a wide range, reduce the soft-shelled turtle stress response.
Constant temperature aquatic products breeding in the greenhouse insulation conditions better, can save investment in insulation. Many manufacturers use the method of heating the furnace and the channel air. The relevant factory farms can learn from other manufacturers according to their own plant structure characteristics.
Second, feed feeding control
1. Feeding methods Underwater feeding feeding habits for soft-shelled turtles can make turtles eat faster. Feeding soft pellets can reduce feed wastage compared to bulk feeds.
2. Feeding rate control Turtle feeding is greatly affected by environmental changes. When the temperature, water temperature change and medication, should consider the impact of the soft-shelled turtle to adjust the amount of feeding, the general underwater feeding should be controlled within 30 minutes to finish should.
3. Feed selection Feed accounts for about 40% of the cost of farming. The feeding of feed and the quality of the selected feed determine the success or failure of the control of the cost of the culture. The choice of feed should be based on full-scale compound feeds produced by large regular manufacturers. The technology and equipment of large manufacturers determine the technical content and quality of the feed.
Third, the water quality control turtle fish net happy fear of dirty, a good water environment is an important condition for the steady growth of turtles, water quality control work is good or bad, determines the success of breeding.
1. The pH value controls the water of the fish pond to be controlled in the alkaline environment. Generally, the pathogen is not easy to survive under the partial alkali conditions. To control the pH value between 7.5 and 8.0 will reduce the incidence of the turtle and use the quicklime to adjust the pH. The recommended concentration is About 40ppm, high doses will increase irritation, cause soft-shelled turtle stress response, can take small doses, multiple uses.
2. The main purpose of oxygenation of oxygenated water body is to reduce the harmful gas content in the water body, ensure the smoothness of the inflatable facilities, and adjust the length of the inflation time according to the state of the water body. Pay attention to inflate for a fixed period of time, so that turtles can become habituated and reduce worry.
3. Water quality training The application of microbial products to cultivating water bodies, improving the stability of water bodies and self-purification of water bodies, and establishing the microecological balance of water bodies are important means for the control of water bodies. Reasonable application of microbial products can greatly save water quality control and other aspects of investment. Generally, dark greenhouses can use photosynthetic bacteria or Bacillus and other effective microbial products to reduce the ammonia nitrogen content in water bodies and decompose organic matter and other harmful substances. In addition to the use of dark greenhouses, the Lighting greenhouse can also be used to cultivate algae in water bodies. Create water balance.
4. Sewage and water change Regular discharge of sewage is an effective means to control water quality (every day or a few days), and a pool with good fouling capacity can create a suitable living environment for the soft-shelled turtle. This method is effective and can prolong the time of water exchange. Changing the water is the most direct way to regulate the water body. However, frequently changing the water is costly. On the other hand, changing the water is at the cost of destroying the original ecological balance. After changing the water, new ecological balance must be established through another means. In order to achieve the goal. Therefore, changing the water should be based on the situation of the water body, determine the amount of water change, a small amount of water necessary to change, you can avoid a lot of water change.
Fourth, disease control According to the characteristics of the growth stage of the turtle during the daily observation is the key to prevention work, the general juvenile turtle into the pool before the disinfection of the seedlings can be 2 ‰ salt + 1 ‰ baking soda soak for 30 minutes into the pool. Before 50 grams of soft-shelled turtle to prevent the occurrence of mycosis, the rapid training of juvenile fish constitution at this stage, to avoid mechanical damage is the focus of prevention; 50 grams to 150 grams to prevent the occurrence of white spot disease, daily disinfection of bromine preparations , can be reasonably arranged to use quicklime; 150 grams to turtles, to prevent the occurrence of hemorrhoids disease, prevention methods with 50 grams to 150 grams phase, but the use of disinfectants should increase.
After the general specification reaches 50 grams, the concept of early treatment should be introduced into the prevention of turtle disease. That is, through routine observation, the use of bromochloroform in the process of prevention, the soft-shelled turtle is still unstable performance, and can be used to achieve prevention purposes through internal medicine. For the prevention of soft-shelled turtle disease, it is generally recommended to use external disinfectants (bromine chloride and other preparations). If the health of the soft-shelled turtle is not judged correctly, avoid abuse of antibiotics and internal precautions. Chinese herbal medicine should also be used with precautions against internal precautions. Failing to achieve the goal, it will increase the liver and kidney burden of turtles, resulting in drug resistance or visceral disease. In addition to the change of water in the soft-shelled turtle pond, disinfection prevention must be strengthened.
Treatment of several common diseases: (1) methylene blue 3ppm + furazolidone 5ppm for white spot. (2) White spot drug potassium permanganate 5ppm + oxytetracycline 10ppm. (3) Acne Sickness: 30ppm + erythromycin 25ppm baking soda, compound sulfamethoxazole 4g/kg feed. (4) White baseplate orally taken "hepatogastric powder" 5 grams + "bacterial net" 6 grams + ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 4 grams + Vc2 grams + "viral spirit" 1 gram per kilogram of feed, combined with topical disinfectant.
In addition, to maintain a reasonable breeding density suitable for the growth of soft-shelled turtles, it is necessary to do a good job of grading and grading according to the farming conditions. The daily management of soft-shelled turtle farming is a systematic work. In breeding, we must continue to draw on advanced science and technology, good experience, and pursue energy-saving and consumption-reduction in innovation, and improve the breeding efficiency.
The key to the success of soft-shelled turtle aquaculture is daily management, and integrating energy-saving and cost-reducing concepts into daily management is the key to gaining benefits. The daily management of soft-shelled turtle farming generally focuses on water temperature control, feed feeding, water quality control, and medication. After these four aspects are refined, the investment can be saved at every stage and the best results can be obtained.
First, water temperature, temperature control turtles in the water temperature range of 30 °C ~ 32 °C is the best growing environment. When the water temperature is higher than 20°C, the soft-shelled turtle begins to feed and the food intake increases with the increase of water temperature. The water temperature is lower than the optimal temperature, the synthesis of digestive enzymes is low, and the conversion rate of bait is reduced. If the water temperature is higher than the optimal temperature, the activity will increase, and the bait conversion rate will also be reduced. Therefore, the heating and insulation work on this link is very important. The water and air temperature should be kept within the optimal range. Too high and too low will cause waste. And in the insulation, avoid water temperature, temperature fluctuations in a wide range, reduce the soft-shelled turtle stress response.
Constant temperature aquatic products breeding in the greenhouse insulation conditions better, can save investment in insulation. Many manufacturers use the method of heating the furnace and the channel air. The relevant factory farms can learn from other manufacturers according to their own plant structure characteristics.
Second, feed feeding control
1. Feeding methods Underwater feeding feeding habits for soft-shelled turtles can make turtles eat faster. Feeding soft pellets can reduce feed wastage compared to bulk feeds.
2. Feeding rate control Turtle feeding is greatly affected by environmental changes. When the temperature, water temperature change and medication, should consider the impact of the soft-shelled turtle to adjust the amount of feeding, the general underwater feeding should be controlled within 30 minutes to finish should.
3. Feed selection Feed accounts for about 40% of the cost of farming. The feeding of feed and the quality of the selected feed determine the success or failure of the control of the cost of the culture. The choice of feed should be based on full-scale compound feeds produced by large regular manufacturers. The technology and equipment of large manufacturers determine the technical content and quality of the feed.
Third, the water quality control turtle fish net happy fear of dirty, a good water environment is an important condition for the steady growth of turtles, water quality control work is good or bad, determines the success of breeding.
1. The pH value controls the water of the fish pond to be controlled in the alkaline environment. Generally, the pathogen is not easy to survive under the partial alkali conditions. To control the pH value between 7.5 and 8.0 will reduce the incidence of the turtle and use the quicklime to adjust the pH. The recommended concentration is About 40ppm, high doses will increase irritation, cause soft-shelled turtle stress response, can take small doses, multiple uses.
2. The main purpose of oxygenation of oxygenated water body is to reduce the harmful gas content in the water body, ensure the smoothness of the inflatable facilities, and adjust the length of the inflation time according to the state of the water body. Pay attention to inflate for a fixed period of time, so that turtles can become habituated and reduce worry.
3. Water quality training The application of microbial products to cultivating water bodies, improving the stability of water bodies and self-purification of water bodies, and establishing the microecological balance of water bodies are important means for the control of water bodies. Reasonable application of microbial products can greatly save water quality control and other aspects of investment. Generally, dark greenhouses can use photosynthetic bacteria or Bacillus and other effective microbial products to reduce the ammonia nitrogen content in water bodies and decompose organic matter and other harmful substances. In addition to the use of dark greenhouses, the Lighting greenhouse can also be used to cultivate algae in water bodies. Create water balance.
4. Sewage and water change Regular discharge of sewage is an effective means to control water quality (every day or a few days), and a pool with good fouling capacity can create a suitable living environment for the soft-shelled turtle. This method is effective and can prolong the time of water exchange. Changing the water is the most direct way to regulate the water body. However, frequently changing the water is costly. On the other hand, changing the water is at the cost of destroying the original ecological balance. After changing the water, new ecological balance must be established through another means. In order to achieve the goal. Therefore, changing the water should be based on the situation of the water body, determine the amount of water change, a small amount of water necessary to change, you can avoid a lot of water change.
Fourth, disease control According to the characteristics of the growth stage of the turtle during the daily observation is the key to prevention work, the general juvenile turtle into the pool before the disinfection of the seedlings can be 2 ‰ salt + 1 ‰ baking soda soak for 30 minutes into the pool. Before 50 grams of soft-shelled turtle to prevent the occurrence of mycosis, the rapid training of juvenile fish constitution at this stage, to avoid mechanical damage is the focus of prevention; 50 grams to 150 grams to prevent the occurrence of white spot disease, daily disinfection of bromine preparations , can be reasonably arranged to use quicklime; 150 grams to turtles, to prevent the occurrence of hemorrhoids disease, prevention methods with 50 grams to 150 grams phase, but the use of disinfectants should increase.
After the general specification reaches 50 grams, the concept of early treatment should be introduced into the prevention of turtle disease. That is, through routine observation, the use of bromochloroform in the process of prevention, the soft-shelled turtle is still unstable performance, and can be used to achieve prevention purposes through internal medicine. For the prevention of soft-shelled turtle disease, it is generally recommended to use external disinfectants (bromine chloride and other preparations). If the health of the soft-shelled turtle is not judged correctly, avoid abuse of antibiotics and internal precautions. Chinese herbal medicine should also be used with precautions against internal precautions. Failing to achieve the goal, it will increase the liver and kidney burden of turtles, resulting in drug resistance or visceral disease. In addition to the change of water in the soft-shelled turtle pond, disinfection prevention must be strengthened.
Treatment of several common diseases: (1) methylene blue 3ppm + furazolidone 5ppm for white spot. (2) White spot drug potassium permanganate 5ppm + oxytetracycline 10ppm. (3) Acne Sickness: 30ppm + erythromycin 25ppm baking soda, compound sulfamethoxazole 4g/kg feed. (4) White baseplate orally taken "hepatogastric powder" 5 grams + "bacterial net" 6 grams + ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 4 grams + Vc2 grams + "viral spirit" 1 gram per kilogram of feed, combined with topical disinfectant.
In addition, to maintain a reasonable breeding density suitable for the growth of soft-shelled turtles, it is necessary to do a good job of grading and grading according to the farming conditions. The daily management of soft-shelled turtle farming is a systematic work. In breeding, we must continue to draw on advanced science and technology, good experience, and pursue energy-saving and consumption-reduction in innovation, and improve the breeding efficiency.
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