Dry hot air is a serious meteorological disaster in late wheat. It is mainly through the three elements of drying, high temperature and hot air, which causes the loss of production of wheat grains. The general reduction is 10-20%, while the weight loss is more than 30%. From the perspective of production practices, there are currently three effective ways to prevent dry hot air, namely, ecological methods, physical methods, and chemical methods. First, the ecological law The ecological law is to strengthen the construction of farmland forestry network and reduce the damage of dry hot wind through tree planting and afforestation. The forest network effect can not only weaken the wind power, but also increase the air humidity between the forestlands and reduce the temperature, thus reducing the damage of dry hot wind. This method is the fundamental method to prevent dry hot wind. Therefore, vigorously carrying out the basic construction of the farmland forest network is of great significance for the prevention of dry heat and wind disasters. Second, the physical method of physical law is pouring water, wheat yellow water. Dry heat is called "fire wind" and "drought wind". Therefore, timely watering before the occurrence of dry hot wind, or reducing ground temperature by increasing the humidity of wheat field microclimate can effectively reduce the damage of dry hot wind. Tests have shown that when wheat is irrigated in the late wheat field, the surface temperature can be reduced by about 4°C, and the humidity between wheat plants can be increased by 4-5%. In this way, a slurry or wheat yellow water is poured, and even if heavy dry hot air appears, it can significantly suppress its damage. Third, the chemical method of chemical method is in the dry hot wind before the advent of wheat or late fertility spraying chemical preparations to the foliage, regulate the ability of wheat metabolism, enhance the vitality of the plant to achieve strong resistance. At present, the available chemical agents are: 1. Drought agent No. 1. The main component of the agent is fulvic acid, a plant growth regulator. Before and after the wheat booting stage, 40-50 grams of mu anti-drought agent is used, plus appropriate amount of water, sprayed all over the field. Both the front and back of the blade have a degree of liquid. It can not only effectively resist the damage of dry hot wind, but also increase the area of ​​green leaf of wheat, increase the yield by 15-20%, and achieve the purpose of “one drug and multiple effectsâ€. 2, plant ash. In the wheat booting stage or heading stage, spraying 10% of the leaching liquid of grass ash 50 kilograms per acre will not only increase the ability of wheat to resist drought or dry hot wind, but also accelerate grouting and increase grain weight. 3, aspirin. During the flowering period to the grain filling stage of wheat, spraying 0.04-0.05% aqueous aspirin can make the stomata of wheat leaves close and reduce the evapotranspiration of plants, thus reducing the damage of dry hot wind. 4, potassium dihydrogen phosphate. In the heading and flowering stages of wheat, a 0.2-0.4% aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed once each time, each 50-75 kilograms per acre, which can promote the development of wheat's fruit-filling organs, enhance photosynthesis, reduce water loss from leaves, and accelerate grouting. process. 5, calcium chloride. In the wheat flowering period and the beginning of grain filling, spraying 0.1% calcium chloride aqueous solution once, each 50-70 kilograms per acre, by increasing the water absorption and water retention capacity of wheat leaf cells, reducing the water transpiration of the plants, thereby improving the resistance to dry hot wind Ability. 6, naphthalene acetic acid. In the wheat flowering stage and the early stage of grouting, spraying naphthalene acetic acid aqueous solution once, each time the amount of 50-70 kilograms per acre, can also effectively reduce the damage of dry hot wind. 7, boron fertilizer. In the wheat flowering period, using 100 grams of borax per acre, adding 50-60 kilograms of water, spraying the whole field after dilution, can effectively promote the fertilization of wheat, improve the seed setting rate, advance the grouting process of wheat, thus reducing the damage of dry hot wind.
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