The vast majority of rural broiler chickens in China's alpine regions consume more material, have lower weight gain, have more epidemics, are slaughtered late, and have low returns. Farmers are reluctant to raise half an empty trough. In order to solve this problem, Heilongjiang City Heilongjiang livestock science and technology personnel and chicken farms after years of research and demonstration to promote the rapid breeding of broiler chickens in high-temperate regions, are summed up as follows, for reference to farmers across the country in northern China. I. Selection of good meat chicken breeds The majority of farmers in the Bei'an area of ​​Heilongjiang Province have selected the best varieties of AA broiler breeds in the United States. Under the local production conditions, the comprehensive technical measures for broiler husbandry and livestock husbandry developed by the Provincial Bureau of Animal Husbandry have been strictly followed. Second, to strengthen the management of open chickens using open ground flat, free food intake, all the way into the whole. From the first day of age to the market, the chicken can feed as much as it can feed, and feed is always kept in the feed chute. Chickens of the same age are also unequally developed. They can be listed for 45 days and live on a standard weight of 2.5 kg. The remaining chickens are listed in batches for several days. Some farmers also use group feeding methods and the results are very good. It should be noted that diseased, weak chickens are singled out at any time for individual rearing. For the first batch, especially the second and subsequent batches of chickens, the wall, floor, feeding utensils, and litter must be thoroughly disinfected according to the disinfection operation rules before the chicken house is introduced. The litter should be replaced regularly. . After the house is sterilized, it should be idle for 1 week to 2 weeks, and then the chickens should be introduced into the house for rearing. Third, scientific feeding of broiler chickens according to different ages adjust the feed, 1 day to 18 days feed 1 pellet feed, 19 days to 35 days feed 2 pellet feed, 35 days after feeding 3 particles The feed has been fed to the standard slaughter after 45 days. When feeding No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 pellets, feed No. 1 from No. 1 or No. 2 from No. 2; both feeds are fed by one-half to feed, and 2 days to 3 After the end of the day, all materials are transferred from No. 1 material to No. 2 material, or from No. 2 material to No. 3 material. The effect is very good and the effect of weight gain is significant. Feeding 45 days for slaughter, the live weight of broilers can reach about 2.5 kg, and the ratio of meat to meat is 1:2.02, reaching the best level. Fourth, the appropriate density, temperature, humidity 1 Density: 1 square meter in the summer can raise 8 to 10; winter and spring 1 square meter raise 13; rural town chicken farms generally 35 square meters of housing broilers 400 Only ~450. 2Temperature: In the first week, the oysters are burned and the stove is heated to keep warm. They are raised on the fire quail. After 7 days, they can be raised on the ground. Do not use the fire pod too high. Make the chicken convenient and convenient. Place a sterilized layer on the fire bowl and the ground. Sawdust, 5 cm to 10 cm in summer, 10 cm to 15 cm in winter. The indoor temperature starts from 32°C to 34°C. It is advisable to use the temperature before the chicks enter the house as the initial brooding temperature for the batch of chicks. The temperature in the first week of the brooding house must be maintained at 28°C to 29°C, and thereafter, the temperature should be lowered from 2°C to 3°C every week. From the 5th week, it is advisable to keep 20°C to 25°C in the house. Indoors should always be well ventilated, dry and clean. 3 Humidity: Relative humidity in the house, young chicks should be maintained at 60% to 70%, and young chicks should be maintained at 50% to 60%. In order to keep the house dry and the humidity is suitable, drinking equipment should be placed in a suitable location. 5. Adequate light Irrespective of the kind of chicken house, 23 hours of light and 1 hour of darkness are required. Light intensity, strong light in the first week, and 2 to 3 watt bulbs per square meter of chicken house are suitable. The wattage of bulbs can be appropriately reduced per square meter of chicken house, and lampshades should be installed on the upper part of the bulb to facilitate chicken lighting. 6. Pay attention to ventilation to ensure that the indoor air is fresh. Because of the high body temperature of chickens, the maximum ventilation volume is 4.5 cubic meters per hour per kilogram of body weight, and the summer ventilation rate is about four times that of winter. In winter and spring brooding, the broiler is usually burned and burned to keep the chicken house warm. Because the stove and the chimney leak or block, it is prone to carbon monoxide poisoning (gas poisoning). During the brooding process, attention must be paid to heat preservation, and ventilation and ventilation must be observed. . Ventilation devices should be provided when the chicken house is under construction to facilitate the regulation of indoor air. At present, all poultry farms adopt methods of opening doors and windows and use air convection to conduct ventilation. However, care must be taken to prevent cold air from blowing directly onto chickens to prevent chickens from suffering from colds and other diseases. For example, in summer, due to the high temperature, it is necessary to prevent the heat from cooling. In addition to the method of opening doors and windows, cooling can be achieved by installing electric fans. Seventh, sufficient drinking water uses the vacuum drinking fountain, also may use the wide-mouthed bottle to add the shallow dish to replace the vacuum drinking fountain, when uses, puts a small wooden stick in the bottle mouth, the water may flow out automatically from the void. The amount of water fed to granular feeds is 3 times that of chickens. Sinks and troughs must be adequate, distributed evenly, often brushed and disinfected, drinking appliances should be brushed 1 or 2 times a day, which is good for prevention of intestinal and other diseases caused by E. coli and other bacteria exceeding the standard. Eight, do a good job of epidemic prevention and eradication of chickens in a timely manner Newcastle disease L chicken attenuated vaccination, generally the first immunization should be 7 days to 10 days of age, interval 25 days to 30 days for the second immunization, each raise There are two methods used by chicken farm households. One is intranasal immunization. When using, add steamer to draw the vaccine. Drop 2 drops into the nostril. Each drop is about 0.03 ml to 0.04 ml. The other is using drinking water to immunize. Instructions for use of the vaccine, dilute the vaccine into a drinking fountain. In order for each chicken to drink vaccine water, the chicken must be controlled for 4 hours in advance. Under the premise of lack of water, the chicken can drink enough vaccine water to achieve the effect of immunity. This method is very effective. Suitable for large chicken farms. In addition, in order to prevent chicken coccidiosis, the occurrence of other diseases such as the disease, or timely treatment, chicken farms must be sufficient to use some of the commonly used chicken drugs. In addition, in order to prevent cross-contamination of chicken diseases, in addition to adopting a series of health and epidemic prevention measures, special attention must also be paid to prohibiting outsiders from entering the chicken farm.
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