In recent years, due to rising feed prices, product prices have stagnated, and carp intensification has been greatly impacted by the market. Grass carp, with its low-cost feed consumption, has gradually become a hot spot for consumption. The use of the original intensive squid pond and pond equipment for intensive culture of grass carp is a feasible way to increase economic efficiency. The main breeding techniques we have worked out from practice are summarized below.
I. Ponds and Water Quality:
1. Pond conditions: The pond is required to be far away from the pollution source, with an area of ​​5 to 10 mu. The bottom of the pool is flat, and the bottom soil is preferably loam. A slight leakage is preferred. The bottom mud is 10 to 20 cm and the water depth is about 2 meters. Each pond should be equipped with a 3-kilowatt impeller-type aerator and a 4-inch pump to prepare for water changes and aeration.
2. Strictly clearing and disinfecting: Grass carp itself has more diseases, epidemics are more prone to outbreaks in intensive culture ponds, and elimination of miscellaneous fish is an important measure to ensure normal feeding of grass carp and conservation of feed. The specific approach is: In the case of dry ponds (5 to 10 cm of water), 100 grams of lime slurry will be poured in Quanchipi, or 10 kg of bleaching powder will be used in mu, and the whole pool will be spilled after being dissolved in warm water so that no dead corners will be left. Completely kill pathogenic bacteria.
3. Water quality: The PH value is 7.5-8.5, and the transparency of the pool water is maintained at about 30 cm during the breeding season (June-September), and the organic matter oxygen demand (COD) is 18-20 mg/L.
Second, seed selection and stocking:
1. Selection of strains: Grass carp should be selected for body color, golden appearance, no injury, lively and robust, body weight of about 100 grams. At the same time, as the grass carp hemorrhage and enteritis two diseases are susceptible to the current fish species, so the choice of seedlings should be 2 seedlings.
2. Fish stocking and species collocation: Grass seedlings are generally stocked with 800 to 1000 tails, with individual specifications ranging from 250 to 500 grams of 100 species of carp species, 15 species of carp species, with or without colostrum, to avoid Grass carp catch food. In addition, before the fish into the pool, should pay attention to surface disinfection.
Third, the fish feed: Pond fine grazing grass feed used to feed mainly, supplemented by green feed. The compound feed consists mainly of fishmeal, soybean meal, wheat bran, sub-powder, corn, and refined grass, and is compounded with mineral salt, multi-dimensional and amino acid compound additives, requiring comprehensive feed nutrition, including crude protein 20%, crude fat 4%, 40% of carbohydrates, 8% to 10% of cellulose; green feed fed alfalfa, ryegrass, Sudan grass, dry grass, water grass, etc., requires fresh grass for the grass carp to digest.
Fourth, feeding and management.
1. Feeding: Feeding of intensive culture ponds is the main task of feeding and management stages, including conventional feed feeding and bait feeding. Feeding methods adopt artificial domestication and fixed-point feeding, and strictly adhere to qualitative, quantitative, timing and fixed-point feeding.
The specific approach is as follows:
1 Routine feed feeding: feeding times, from mid-March to mid-May, from 2 to 4 times a day, from 6 to mid-August, 3 times a day, from mid-August to October, 4 times a day. From June onwards, feed green feed once a day, and the amount of feed should not be too large. It is advisable to use 7-8 to prevent hunger.
2 bait feeding: sulfaguanidine is used to make floating feed. The practice is as follows: Each 5 grams of sulfaquinone is mixed with 1 kg of bran, followed by licorice bark powder or sweet potato flour 3, mixed with hot water, pressed into small pieces and dried for use. Feeding method is: the bait is mixed in the granules, the first day according to the pond fish body weight 1 kg per 10 kg, the first 2 to 6 days a half of the amount of drug feeding. Once a day, 6 days is a cycle, one cycle each month to one and a half months.
2. Water Quality Management:
(1) Sprinkle quicklime regularly, usually every half month by water surface per mu, water depth of 20kg per meter, or 1PPM of bleached powder pool.
(2) Plan to add water and change water. Inject fresh water once every 10 days. Inject 20 to 30 centimeters each time. By mid-July, change the water according to the actual situation and change the water volume to 1/2.
(3) Start aerator every day: June to mid-August. Grass carp is easy to lack of oxygen floating head, at this time of the day, at noon on sunny days to boot 2 to 3 hours, early morning boot 3 to 4 hours, cloudy day and night boot once to prevent fish floating head.
(4) To inspect the ponds in a timely manner, timely learn the activities of fishes and fishes, eat foods, and master the changes in water quality, so as to ensure early disease-free prevention and disease early treatment.
(5) Clean up debris in the pond and remove leftover grass stems and leaves from grass carp.
Fifth, fish disease prevention
1. Intestinal inflammatory disease: The above-mentioned bait feeding method is used for prevention and treatment.
2. Gill disease:
1 erythromycin (for poultry, containing 1 million units per gram), the first day Quanchiposa 0.07PPM, the second day of powder mixed baits for oral administration, 1 g per 100 kg of fish medication, 2 to 6 days by half.
2 gallnut, furazolidone treatment of enteritis, gill complications. Medication method: gallnut boiled liquid dripping Quanchiposa, so that pool water into 1.4 ~ 3.0PPM, while feeding 6 days furazolidone, 1 mg per 100 kg per day.
3. Print disease: General bactericidal drugs such as fish and shrimp enemy spirit, fish disease spirit, fish and so on.
I. Ponds and Water Quality:
1. Pond conditions: The pond is required to be far away from the pollution source, with an area of ​​5 to 10 mu. The bottom of the pool is flat, and the bottom soil is preferably loam. A slight leakage is preferred. The bottom mud is 10 to 20 cm and the water depth is about 2 meters. Each pond should be equipped with a 3-kilowatt impeller-type aerator and a 4-inch pump to prepare for water changes and aeration.
2. Strictly clearing and disinfecting: Grass carp itself has more diseases, epidemics are more prone to outbreaks in intensive culture ponds, and elimination of miscellaneous fish is an important measure to ensure normal feeding of grass carp and conservation of feed. The specific approach is: In the case of dry ponds (5 to 10 cm of water), 100 grams of lime slurry will be poured in Quanchipi, or 10 kg of bleaching powder will be used in mu, and the whole pool will be spilled after being dissolved in warm water so that no dead corners will be left. Completely kill pathogenic bacteria.
3. Water quality: The PH value is 7.5-8.5, and the transparency of the pool water is maintained at about 30 cm during the breeding season (June-September), and the organic matter oxygen demand (COD) is 18-20 mg/L.
Second, seed selection and stocking:
1. Selection of strains: Grass carp should be selected for body color, golden appearance, no injury, lively and robust, body weight of about 100 grams. At the same time, as the grass carp hemorrhage and enteritis two diseases are susceptible to the current fish species, so the choice of seedlings should be 2 seedlings.
2. Fish stocking and species collocation: Grass seedlings are generally stocked with 800 to 1000 tails, with individual specifications ranging from 250 to 500 grams of 100 species of carp species, 15 species of carp species, with or without colostrum, to avoid Grass carp catch food. In addition, before the fish into the pool, should pay attention to surface disinfection.
Third, the fish feed: Pond fine grazing grass feed used to feed mainly, supplemented by green feed. The compound feed consists mainly of fishmeal, soybean meal, wheat bran, sub-powder, corn, and refined grass, and is compounded with mineral salt, multi-dimensional and amino acid compound additives, requiring comprehensive feed nutrition, including crude protein 20%, crude fat 4%, 40% of carbohydrates, 8% to 10% of cellulose; green feed fed alfalfa, ryegrass, Sudan grass, dry grass, water grass, etc., requires fresh grass for the grass carp to digest.
Fourth, feeding and management.
1. Feeding: Feeding of intensive culture ponds is the main task of feeding and management stages, including conventional feed feeding and bait feeding. Feeding methods adopt artificial domestication and fixed-point feeding, and strictly adhere to qualitative, quantitative, timing and fixed-point feeding.
The specific approach is as follows:
1 Routine feed feeding: feeding times, from mid-March to mid-May, from 2 to 4 times a day, from 6 to mid-August, 3 times a day, from mid-August to October, 4 times a day. From June onwards, feed green feed once a day, and the amount of feed should not be too large. It is advisable to use 7-8 to prevent hunger.
2 bait feeding: sulfaguanidine is used to make floating feed. The practice is as follows: Each 5 grams of sulfaquinone is mixed with 1 kg of bran, followed by licorice bark powder or sweet potato flour 3, mixed with hot water, pressed into small pieces and dried for use. Feeding method is: the bait is mixed in the granules, the first day according to the pond fish body weight 1 kg per 10 kg, the first 2 to 6 days a half of the amount of drug feeding. Once a day, 6 days is a cycle, one cycle each month to one and a half months.
2. Water Quality Management:
(1) Sprinkle quicklime regularly, usually every half month by water surface per mu, water depth of 20kg per meter, or 1PPM of bleached powder pool.
(2) Plan to add water and change water. Inject fresh water once every 10 days. Inject 20 to 30 centimeters each time. By mid-July, change the water according to the actual situation and change the water volume to 1/2.
(3) Start aerator every day: June to mid-August. Grass carp is easy to lack of oxygen floating head, at this time of the day, at noon on sunny days to boot 2 to 3 hours, early morning boot 3 to 4 hours, cloudy day and night boot once to prevent fish floating head.
(4) To inspect the ponds in a timely manner, timely learn the activities of fishes and fishes, eat foods, and master the changes in water quality, so as to ensure early disease-free prevention and disease early treatment.
(5) Clean up debris in the pond and remove leftover grass stems and leaves from grass carp.
Fifth, fish disease prevention
1. Intestinal inflammatory disease: The above-mentioned bait feeding method is used for prevention and treatment.
2. Gill disease:
1 erythromycin (for poultry, containing 1 million units per gram), the first day Quanchiposa 0.07PPM, the second day of powder mixed baits for oral administration, 1 g per 100 kg of fish medication, 2 to 6 days by half.
2 gallnut, furazolidone treatment of enteritis, gill complications. Medication method: gallnut boiled liquid dripping Quanchiposa, so that pool water into 1.4 ~ 3.0PPM, while feeding 6 days furazolidone, 1 mg per 100 kg per day.
3. Print disease: General bactericidal drugs such as fish and shrimp enemy spirit, fish disease spirit, fish and so on.