Often sporadic or endemic. No obvious seasonality, mostly occurred in the spring and autumn. [Pathogen] The pathogen of this disease is Pasteurella multocida, which is present in various tissues, body fluids, secretions, and excretions of diseased rabbits. This bacteria also survives in the upper respiratory tract mucosa, throat, and tonsils of healthy rabbits. . The germs are contaminated with feed, drinking water, utensils and the surrounding environment as the sick rabbit's saliva, epistaxis, excretion, etc. are excreted, and then transmitted through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, skin and mucous membranes and wound infections to healthy rabbits, causing morbidity; in addition, when external conditions change Such as long-distance transportation, crowding, sudden climate change, improper feeding and management, etc., weakened the resistance of healthy rabbits. Pasteurella multocida which exists in the respiratory tract and tonsil can take the opportunity to multiply and increase the virulence and cause morbidity. The disease can occur in different breeds and at different ages. Young rabbits and thin rabbits are more susceptible to infection. Once the disease occurs, it spreads quickly. If it is not timely adopted isolation, treatment and disinfection measures, it will quickly spread to the entire population and cause a large number of deaths in the short term, resulting in serious economic losses. [Symptoms and Lesions] The incubation period of this disease varies in length, and the appearance of the disease is not the same, depending on the number of pathogens, virulence, the route of infection, and body resistance. According to the development of the disease can be divided into three types: acute type, subacute type and chronic type. Its clinical symptoms and lesions are as follows: acute type: or hemorrhagic sepsis. The rabbit suddenly died and often had no obvious symptoms. Concurrent with rhinitis-type diseased rabbits, visible apathetic, antifeedant, elevated body temperature, nasal outflow of serous, mucinous or purulent nasal fistulas, and sometimes diarrhea, duration of several hours to 1 day. Concurrent pneumonia-type diseased rabbits, elevated body temperature, reduced food intake, difficulty breathing, nasal secretions, lung examination with pneumonia and pleurisy symptoms, and sometimes diarrhea, duration of 3 days or more, multiple failures and death. Body temperature dropped before death and limbs twitched. At the time of necropsy, most of the septicemia changes were mainly in addition to sudden death of organs without obvious lesions. Nasal, larynx, tracheal mucosal hyperemia, hemorrhage, full of red foam and purulent mucus; pulmonary congestion, hemorrhage, edema, showed lobar pneumonia lesions; abdominal pale yellow effusion; endocardial and epicardial dispersal of different sizes Bleeding points; liver degeneration, and gray-white dead; spleen, lymph nodes swelling and bleeding; intestinal mucosa congestion and bleeding. Subacute type: or endemic pneumonia. Mainly manifested as pneumonia and pleurisy. Rabbits have difficulty breathing and often sneeze. They have mucus or purulent nasal discharge in the nasal cavity. They have a slightly higher body temperature, loss of appetite, swollen joints, inflammation of the conjunctiva, and sometimes diarrhea. The course of the disease was 20 days or longer, and she eventually died of weight loss and exhaustion. At the time of autopsy, the nasal cavity and tracheal mucosa were congested and bleeding, with thick secretions; pulmonary congestion, hemorrhage, or abscesses; pleural and lung surfaces often had milky white cellulose exudates attached, and some had varying sizes of yellow or brown Lesions; lymph nodes congestion, enlargement; chest often serous or yellow-brown effusion. Chronic type: or infectious rhinitis. At the beginning of the disease, the upper respiratory tract was catarrhal inflammation, nasal flow clearing, and later turned into mucinous, purulent secretions; due to purulent discharge blocking the nostrils, sick rabbits showed difficulty in breathing, issued a buzzing sound, mouth breathing. Due to secretion stimulants, rabbits are often wiped on the nose before the feet to clean their mouths. The rabbit hair around the mouth is damp, tangled and detached. It is easy to bring germs to other sites, causing conjunctivitis, keratitis, otitis media, subcutaneous abscess, and mastitis. Complications such as. Due to malnutrition, failure eventually died. [Diagnosis] According to clinical symptoms and necropsy changes, a preliminary diagnosis can be made. The most important characteristic of the acute type is sudden death of rabbits, bleeding of internal organs, and banded hemorrhage in the trachea. The main features of the subacute form are marked lung lesions, pulmonary congestion, hemorrhage or abscess, and effusion in the chest. The main lesions of the chronic type have redness and edema in the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, and paranasal sinuses, and there are serous, mucinous, or purulent discharges in the nasal cavity. Do a bacteriological examination to confirm the diagnosis. Smeared with diseased rabbit tissue or body fluid, stained with Wright's or Giemsa's stain. Microscopic examination reveals bacteria stained at both ends and can be diagnosed as Pasteurellosis. For chronic disease rabbits and healthy carrier rabbits, serological methods and provocation tests can be used for diagnosis. Test tube method: The serum of rabbits to be tested is diluted differently and an equal amount of diagnostic antigen is added. The agglutination price is above 1:40 for diseased rabbits. Slide method: Take 0.1 ml of rabbit serum to be added to the slide, and then add the same amount of antigen. Shake the slide at 15C to mix. The floe appears within 1 minute. The liquid is transparent and is the diseased rabbit. Brilliant green provocation test: 2 drops of green solution was dropped into the nostrils of rabbits and checked after 2 hours. For example, there was a purulent rhinorrhea in the nasal cavity as a carrier rabbit. [Treatment] Kill severely ill rabbits, treat mild and suspicious rabbits with isolation. In acute cases, anti-depleted sera can be injected subcutaneously in doses of 2-3 ml per kilogram of body weight, and again after 8-10 hours. People with chronic respiratory inflammation use antibiotic nasal drops. Penicillin, streptomycin (200,000 units per milliliter) and ephedrine (diluted as a 1% solution) were nasally instilled twice a day for 5 days. At the same time oral sulfadiazine, 15 grams per kilogram of body weight, once a day, for 5 consecutive days, oral administration of sulfadiazine, should take the same amount of sodium bicarbonate. . Conjunctivitis available chloramphenicol eye drops, 3 times a day; or with tetracycline, chlortetracycline, cortisone eye ointment. Otitis media with sesame oil ear drops (50 grams of sesame oil, 10 bottles, sesame oil boiled after adding quail fried black, to be cold oil borneol 1 gram spare 1 drops ear, once every other day, 2 consecutive times. Norfloxacin powder (film ) (Jiangsu Taixian Veterinary Pharmaceutical Factory production) 2 grams, plus 3 kilograms of feed, mix well, fed for 3 days, 150,000 units of penicillin, 100,000 units of streptomycin or 40,000 units of gentamicin, one intramuscular injection, daily Once, until healed.When the condition is serious, use flumethasone 0.1 mg twice a day intramuscularly, taking sulfamethazine internally, 1 gram per kilogram of body weight, once a day, for 3 days. Chinese Herbal Medicine 25 grams of honeysuckle, 10 grams of chrysanthemum, water decoction, 10 grams of Chinese berberine, 1 gram of radix astragalus, 2 grams of cork, water decoction, 3 grams of Andrographis paniculata, water decoction, 5 grams of dandelion, 65 grams of chrysanthemum, 55 grams of Astragalus , Shuijianbi China Agricultural Network Editor