First, the occurrence of gray vegetables Botrytis gray mold is a fungal disease, flowers, fruit, leaves, stems can be the disease. The fruit is infected and the fruit is heavy. The remaining stigma or petals are infested first, and the fruit or stalk is expanded later, causing the peel to appear gray, and a thick layer of gray mold is formed. It is watery and leaves from the leaf. At the beginning of the tip, they form a "V"-shaped inward expansion along the veins, with a tan-colored, striated line between the sides, and a clear boundary between disease and health.
Botrytis cinerea was pale in color, and the leaves and petioles appeared greyish white, water stained, and the tissues were softened to rot. When the humidity was high, there were gray molds on the surface. Juvenile stems mostly appear irregular water-stained spots at the base of the petiole, quickly become soft and rot, shrink or fold, and finally the diseased seedlings rot and die.
Botrytis cinerea sclerotia winter or summer over the soil or sickness. The temperature during the seedling stage is 15-23°C, low light, relative humidity above 90%, or water film on the surface of the seedlings. The flowers are most susceptible to disease and are invaded by wounds, aging organs through airflow, irrigation and agricultural operations. In case of rainy or cold windy weather, the air is not timely, the density is too large, the seedlings are too long, and when the seedlings are transplanted, the roots and leaves will be aggravated.
Second, the principle of prevention and control of grey vegetables in greenhouses In recent years, with the continuous expansion of greenhouse cultivation, gray mold has risen from secondary diseases to one of the most important diseases in current crops. In particular, the hazards of gray molds in fruits, vegetables and legumes in greenhouses have become increasingly serious. Because this pathogen is a fungus, it has a large amount of sporulation, a high rate of reproduction, and a short onset period. It is also very susceptible to single-agent drug resistance, resulting in poor control of the use of pesticides in production, following the "early, accurate, changeable" principle of prevention. It can effectively improve the control effect of gray mold.
1, early "early" is to strengthen the field diagnosis, prevention and treatment before and during the onset. If the control is too late, especially if the disease starts before the start of spraying, the desired control effect will not be achieved. According to vegetables in the pre-planting, before flowering, flowering, 3-5 days after flowering, rapid expansion of young fruit is the incidence of gray mold susceptible to the onset of the five key periods to be timely medication control. During the flowering period, the herb is applied every 7 days. The key spray is used. The results are sprayed on the young fruit in the spraying period, taking into account the positive and negative sides of the leaves. In addition to the spraying of the plants, the soil surrounding the plants and the wall of the greenhouse are also taken into account. Body and pillars, etc. The diseased stems were spotted with fungicide, and local control was used to prevent the disease from recurring or spreading. The lesions that occurred on the stems should be promptly treated with the method of applying the medicine to the diseased part. At the same time, during the growth period, the occurrence of plant diseases must be observed frequently. The removal of petal and stigma from the young fruit should be promptly removed, and the leaves covering the fruit should be removed to facilitate the fruit to see the light, and the condensation time should be shortened to reduce the infection of gray mold. point. Diseased flowers, diseased fruits, and diseased leaves should be promptly removed. When the dew is removed in the morning, remove the diseased part with a mulch and then remove it. Bring it out of the shed or burn it.
2. Quasi-precision is based on the type of drug resistance of the local Botrytis cinerea. Pharmacy should be non-toxic and non-polluting to facilitate the production of pollution-free vegetables.
3, change "change" is the alternate use of different types of agents, to reduce the emergence of pathogen resistance and reduce control effectiveness. Different agents were selected before onset, early onset, and mid-onset and were alternately administered.
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