The larvae are harmful to peanuts, sweet potatoes and other field crops and seedlings.
Morphological characteristics The distinguishing feature of this species of adult worm and other species of this genus is that: the hip plate is narrow and the apex of the spine is in the upper half or near the middle; the lateral edge of the thoracic spine is completely broken by tiny hairless nicks; male external genitalia The basal side of the acetabular subprojection was a bird's beak, and the middle protrusions were tongue-shaped. The body length was 18.5-19.5 mm and the width was 9.5-10 mm. The whole tan has a black color and the head and thoracodorsal plate are often slightly darker in color and are quite shiny.
Life habits occur in Fujian for one generation, and adults spend their winters in the earth. In late spring, from late March to mid-April, a large number of unearthed, late evening activities, copulation, adult phototaxis is not strong, eggs scattered in the topsoil, the average egg production per female 65.9, egg period 15-31 days, larval period 106 - 156 days; flood season 12-35 days; adult life: 227.3 days for females and 217.6 days for males. The mature larvae were used as earthworms in the soil at a depth of 25cm. After emergence of the adult, they did not exhume in the same year, that is, wintering in the soil.
Control methods
(1) Strengthen forecasting. As earthworms are earthworms, they live and damage the ground, they are hidden, and they are mainly planted in the seedling stage. Once they are found to be seriously affected, they often miss the appropriate control period. For this reason, it is necessary to strengthen forecasting work for such pests. The survey time is generally from autumn to before sowing. The survey method is to select representative plots according to different soil textures, topography, leeches, and cornices, and adopt double diagonals or checkerboards, with 10,000 m 2 - 3 samples, 1 m 2 per point, and the depth of excavation. 30-50cm, detailed examination of soil umbilicus and other types of soil pest insects, development period, quantity, depth of soil, etc., are entered in the survey form, and the average number of locusts per m2 is counted, measured by prevention and control indicators in Liaoning Province. 1 head/m2 is light, 1-3 heads/m2 are moderate, and 3 heads/m2 are serious. Control measures must be taken.
(2) Prevention and control of agricultural technical measures:
The first is that for severe land masses, plowing land in late autumn or early winter not only directly destroys some earthworms, but also exposes a large number of earthworms to the surface, causing them to be frozen, dried, or eaten by natural enemies, parasites, etc. Can reduce the insects by 15% -30%, significantly reduce the damage of the second year.
The second is the rational arrangement of mouthwash. Former plots of beans, peanuts, sweet potatoes, and corn often cause serious damage to the earthworms. This is related to the feeding and activities of adult moths.
The third is to avoid the application of uncooked manure. Chafers and other vegetable pests, such as spinach leaf litters, seed flies, etc., have strong tropism toward unfamed manure, and often produce eggs within them. If they are applied to the fields, they will bring in a large number of insect sources. The decomposed organic fertilizer can improve the permeability and ventilation characteristics of the soil and provide good conditions for the microbial activity of the soil, so that the root system develops quickly, the seedlings become strong, the insect resistance of the crop is enhanced, and because the earthworm does not like to eat ripe organic fertilizer, It can also reduce its damage to crops.
The fourth is the rational use of chemical fertilizers. Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium humate, ammonia, ammoniated superphosphate, and other chemical fertilizers emit ammonia gas that has a repellent effect on earthworms and other underground pests.
Fifth, reasonable irrigation. Soil temperature and humidity directly affect the earthworm's activity. The most suitable soil moisture content for earthworm development is 15%-20%. If the soil is too dry and too wet, the earthworms will be forced to migrate to the deep soil layer. If the soil is too persistent or too wet, it will make The eggs cannot hatch, the larvae die, and the adult reproduction and viability are severely impeded. Therefore, in the area where locust occurrence occurs, irrigation should be reasonably controlled without affecting the growth and development of the crop.
Sixth, in protected areas such as greenhouses, hotbeds, and greenhouses, due to high temperatures and seedlings are concentrated, they are often victimized and heavy. It is necessary to find out what is happening and to take preventive measures in time.
Morphological characteristics The distinguishing feature of this species of adult worm and other species of this genus is that: the hip plate is narrow and the apex of the spine is in the upper half or near the middle; the lateral edge of the thoracic spine is completely broken by tiny hairless nicks; male external genitalia The basal side of the acetabular subprojection was a bird's beak, and the middle protrusions were tongue-shaped. The body length was 18.5-19.5 mm and the width was 9.5-10 mm. The whole tan has a black color and the head and thoracodorsal plate are often slightly darker in color and are quite shiny.
Life habits occur in Fujian for one generation, and adults spend their winters in the earth. In late spring, from late March to mid-April, a large number of unearthed, late evening activities, copulation, adult phototaxis is not strong, eggs scattered in the topsoil, the average egg production per female 65.9, egg period 15-31 days, larval period 106 - 156 days; flood season 12-35 days; adult life: 227.3 days for females and 217.6 days for males. The mature larvae were used as earthworms in the soil at a depth of 25cm. After emergence of the adult, they did not exhume in the same year, that is, wintering in the soil.
Control methods
(1) Strengthen forecasting. As earthworms are earthworms, they live and damage the ground, they are hidden, and they are mainly planted in the seedling stage. Once they are found to be seriously affected, they often miss the appropriate control period. For this reason, it is necessary to strengthen forecasting work for such pests. The survey time is generally from autumn to before sowing. The survey method is to select representative plots according to different soil textures, topography, leeches, and cornices, and adopt double diagonals or checkerboards, with 10,000 m 2 - 3 samples, 1 m 2 per point, and the depth of excavation. 30-50cm, detailed examination of soil umbilicus and other types of soil pest insects, development period, quantity, depth of soil, etc., are entered in the survey form, and the average number of locusts per m2 is counted, measured by prevention and control indicators in Liaoning Province. 1 head/m2 is light, 1-3 heads/m2 are moderate, and 3 heads/m2 are serious. Control measures must be taken.
(2) Prevention and control of agricultural technical measures:
The first is that for severe land masses, plowing land in late autumn or early winter not only directly destroys some earthworms, but also exposes a large number of earthworms to the surface, causing them to be frozen, dried, or eaten by natural enemies, parasites, etc. Can reduce the insects by 15% -30%, significantly reduce the damage of the second year.
The second is the rational arrangement of mouthwash. Former plots of beans, peanuts, sweet potatoes, and corn often cause serious damage to the earthworms. This is related to the feeding and activities of adult moths.
The third is to avoid the application of uncooked manure. Chafers and other vegetable pests, such as spinach leaf litters, seed flies, etc., have strong tropism toward unfamed manure, and often produce eggs within them. If they are applied to the fields, they will bring in a large number of insect sources. The decomposed organic fertilizer can improve the permeability and ventilation characteristics of the soil and provide good conditions for the microbial activity of the soil, so that the root system develops quickly, the seedlings become strong, the insect resistance of the crop is enhanced, and because the earthworm does not like to eat ripe organic fertilizer, It can also reduce its damage to crops.
The fourth is the rational use of chemical fertilizers. Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium humate, ammonia, ammoniated superphosphate, and other chemical fertilizers emit ammonia gas that has a repellent effect on earthworms and other underground pests.
Fifth, reasonable irrigation. Soil temperature and humidity directly affect the earthworm's activity. The most suitable soil moisture content for earthworm development is 15%-20%. If the soil is too dry and too wet, the earthworms will be forced to migrate to the deep soil layer. If the soil is too persistent or too wet, it will make The eggs cannot hatch, the larvae die, and the adult reproduction and viability are severely impeded. Therefore, in the area where locust occurrence occurs, irrigation should be reasonably controlled without affecting the growth and development of the crop.
Sixth, in protected areas such as greenhouses, hotbeds, and greenhouses, due to high temperatures and seedlings are concentrated, they are often victimized and heavy. It is necessary to find out what is happening and to take preventive measures in time.
Herbal Extract,Colostrum Extract,Health Care Extract,Herbal Extract Powder
Xi'an JCF Herb Technology Development Co., Ltd , https://www.jcfherb.com