An important indicator for measuring the separation performance of centrifuges
An important indicator for measuring the separation performance of a centrifuge is the separation factor. It represents the ratio of the centrifugal force to the gravity of the separated material in the drum. The larger the separation factor, the faster the separation is usually and the better the separation effect. The separation factor of the industrial centrifugal separator is generally 100 to 20000, the separation factor of the super speed tubular separator can be as high as 62000, and the separation factor zui of the analytical overspeed separator is as high as 610000. Another factor that determines the processing capacity of the centrifuge is the working area of ​​the drum, which has a large processing capacity.
The filter centrifuge and the sedimentation centrifuge mainly rely on increasing the diameter of the drum to enlarge the working surface on the circumference of the drum; in addition to the circumferential wall of the drum, the separator has additional working surfaces, such as discs and chambers of the disc separator. The inner cylinder of the separator significantly increases the settling face.
In addition, the more difficult it is to separate the solid particles in the suspension, the fine particles carried away in the filtrate or the separation liquid will increase. In this case, the centrifugal separator needs a higher separation factor to effectively separate; in the suspension When the viscosity of the liquid is large, the separation speed is slowed down; the difference in density of the components of the suspension or the emulsion is large, which is advantageous for centrifugal sedimentation, and the centrifugal filtration of the suspension does not require density difference of each component.
The centrifuge should be selected according to the size and concentration of solid particles in the suspension (or emulsion), the density difference between solid and liquid (or two liquids), the viscosity of the liquid, the characteristics of the filter residue (or sediment), and the separation requirements. The comprehensive analysis is carried out to meet the requirements for the moisture content of the filter residue (sludge) and the clarity of the filtrate (separation liquid), and which type of centrifugal separator is initially selected. Then according to the amount of processing and automation requirements for the operation, determine the type and specifications of the centrifuge, after the actual test by zui.
Generally, for suspensions containing particles larger than 0.01 mm in size, a filter centrifuge can be used; for fine or compressible deformation of the suspension, a sedimentation centrifuge should be used; for the suspension, the solid content is low, the particles are small and When the liquid clarity is high, a separator should be used.
The future development trend of centrifugal separators will be to strengthen separation performance, develop large-scale centrifugal separators, improve slag discharge mechanism, increase dedicated and combined drum centrifuges, strengthen separation theory research and study centrifugal separation process.
The enhanced separation performance includes increasing the rotation speed of the drum; adding a new driving force during the centrifugal separation; speeding up the slag pushing speed; increasing the length of the rotating drum to prolong the time of centrifugal sedimentation separation. The development of large-scale centrifugal separators, mainly to increase the diameter of the drum and the use of double-sided drums to improve the processing capacity to reduce the equipment investment, energy consumption and maintenance costs of processing unit volume of materials. In theoretical research, the main research is on the fluid flow condition and the formation mechanism of filter residue in the drum, and the calculation method of small separation degree and processing capacity of Zui is studied.
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