Guangxi is located in the southern part of the motherland, which belongs to the southern subtropical climate. At present, grape production areas are mainly distributed in Guilin, Liuzhou and other places. Grapes are becoming the popular fruit trees cultivated in our district. The southern grape can be cooked twice a year. Now we will introduce its cultivation techniques.
I. Variety selection
Grapes that are fresh foods should be of varieties with large fruit size, easy coloring, good fruit quality, good quality, strong resistance, early high-yield, short dormancy, and easy formation of flower buds.
Second, the cultivation and management methods
1, the first season of fruit management
(1) timely break the sleep prime germination: depending on the results of the mother branch robust situation to leave 6 to 10 buds trimmed, will trim the results of the mother branch with germination agent evenly smeared on the results of the mother branch, but the top 1 to 2 buds do not handle, so as not to The first germination affects other buds. Before and after treatment must be filled with water. In Nanning, germination can occur at an average temperature above 12oC on the mid-February in mid-February.
(2) Wiping shoots: three times, the first time the adventitious buds, the results of the mother base 1 to 2 weak buds erased; the second time the vice buds and strong Wang Wang erase; third time in the Take fruit as soon as possible, cut branches that are too dense, leggy and fruitless, and tie the branches evenly to ensure that the shelves are airy and transparent.
(3) Topping: In the early flowering period of grape, topping a fruit branch or nutrient branch, leaving 6 to 8 leaves for a fruit branch, leaving 10 to 12 leaf topping on the nutrient branch, and removing the sprouting shooter as soon as possible after each topping. , leaving only the tip of the tip, the top tip of the tip to leave 3 ~ 5 leaves repeatedly topping, topping can temporarily stop the extension of the branch, reduce the young shoots on the nutrient, water consumption, promote fruit setting, and promote the leaves left to increase rapidly And strengthen the assimilation, redistribution of nutrients in the tree body, for the result of the branch, it can also improve the inflorescence (or ear) nutrition, promote flower bud differentiation, and can promote the mature branches and leaves, reduce disease occurrence.
(4) Reasonable thinning and thinning of fruit: After inflorescence separation, the shape of inflorescences and the number of buds can be clearly seen when sparsely flowering, strong branches are left with two spikes, the golden mean tree leaves one ear, and the weak branches without flower spikes (each square frame) Leave 10 to 15 spikes), and remove the large spikes and shoulders that are too large, then remove 1/5 to 1/4 of the tip of the panicle, or leave only the spikes. After the fruit is settled (when the size of soybeans is used), the fruit is thinned, the ear is formed into a cylindrical shape, the small fruit and the deformed fruit are eliminated, and 40 to 50 grains of fruit per ear are sufficient.
(5) Bagging: 1 bag selection applies to the production of grape ears, paper bags impregnated with the bactericide; 2 bagging time can be carried out after the ear shaping, that is, in the grape fruit after the consequences of falling fruit size soybean size get on. 3 bagging technology before the bag to be sprayed on the ear - times Paul grams, until the liquid is dry, start the bag, the bag mouth to the cob after folding, tear the bag side thin wire to tie the bag to the cob Leave the ear in the bag.
(6) timely harvesting: premature harvesting, berry not fully developed, lighter fruit and ear, reduced yield, less accumulation of sugar, poor coloration, high acidity, thus affecting the quality of the grape, can not reflect the unique grape Flavor. Harvested too late, easy to drop fruit, skin shrinkage, soft flesh, easy to produce cracked fruit and suffer from pests and diseases, resulting in high yield is not harvested. Therefore, Kyoho should be changed from green to purple in the skin color, with white fruit powder, harvested when the berry begins to soften.
2. Management of the second season
The cultivation and management of the second season are basically the same as in the first season. However, it should be noted that after the first fruit collection and harvesting, the remaining fruits in the orchard should be cleared immediately, water and fertilizer management and pest control should be strengthened, and the trees should undergo a recovery period of about one month.
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