Meat donkey breeding and fattening technology

Raising a donkey is a traditional project in our country. In the past, donkeys were mainly used for service purposes. In recent years, along with the reform and opening up and the in-depth development of the market economy, raising donkeys for meat and donating meat and donkeys have become the main content of the donkey industry. Raising meat donkeys is a new project of farmer family farming in recent years. Due to the lack of thoroughbred meat donkey breeds, donation efficiency in the past was not ideal. To improve the efficiency of donkey breeding, it is an important measure to select good donkey breeds or use hybrid donkeys and local breeds for cross-fertilization. Now the two large donkey breeds are introduced as follows: I. Guanzhong donkey: This donkey is produced in the Weihe River basin in Guanzhong Plain, Shaanxi Province. Among them, Xianyang, Pingguan, Qianxian, Wugong and Liquan are the central production areas. This donkey is large in size, about 130cm in height and about 250kg-290kg in body weight. It has a strong physique, small and solid hooves, strong disease resistance, good heredity, and strong persistence. About the donkey's coat color is black, but the eyes, nose, mouth and lower abdomen are mostly white or gray. It is known as "nose nose, bright eyes and white belly". This is an important feature of the donkey of this breed and is also an important condition for breeding donkeys. The Guanzhong donkey is a representative of the donkey in China, and it is also one of the world's thoroughbred donkeys. Second, the Texas donkey: Shandong Province, Huimin and the Bohai Sea coast is the center of production of Texas donkeys, also known as the Bohai Sea donkey. Texas donkeys are tall, compact, taller than 130cm and weigh around 260kg. The coat is mainly black (black head donkey) and pinkish black. Its serviceability is also good. The general feeding principle of meat donkeys: First, the supply of meat donkeys must ensure adequate supply of nutrients, limit exercise and environmental sanitation. To separate the trough feeding, fixed slots, regular quantitative feeding, feeding less Tim Tim, coarse material, nightgrass, first coarse after the fine, to provide adequate drinking water. That is, according to age, body condition, male and female, strength and weakness of the slot to support, fixed slots, divided into early, middle, late, night four times a day feeding (both meat and service). In spring and summer, you can feed more once. In autumn and winter, you can feed less in the daytime. The roughage must be chopped and chopped, so that "crawling three knife"; fine material to be flattened or ground, or soaked, fermented, roasted, salted, etc. to improve the digestibility and palatability. Because the donkey's stomach is small, it is better to feed less and use feeds to supplement feeds during the night without disturbing the rest to ensure nutritional needs. At the same time, donkeys need a lot of digestive juices, and they should ensure that adequate clean drinking water and adequate salt are provided. Brush your skin daily. Feeding of young donkeys: Newborn donkeys are generally trained to eat concentrates at the age of 15 days in addition to normal feeding and management. Can be used corn, barley, millet, oats and other ground into a flour, add a little sugar into the gruel, induce their intake. Start daily 10g-20g, feed 80g-100g a few days later, supplement 100g-200g after one month, supplement 500g-1000g after two months, then increase gradually every day. After 9 months, 3.5kg of concentrate was fed and about 500kg of concentrate was used for the whole fattening period. Donkey sports fertilizer can take the following various methods: (1) Soybeans and rice (or millet) each 500g, add water, rotten, add rice bran 250g, mix with the right amount of salt, donkey quail and feed, feed 7 days - 10 days. (2) Sugar 100g, or brown sugar 150g, soluble in warm water, donated to the daily donkey every day, since the drink 10 days -20 days to re-tanning. (3) 250g of pig oil, 1kg of fresh leek, 10g of salt, feed the donkey after fry, once a day, even feed 7 days -10 days. (4) The fried yellow seeds of the cottonseed are cooked or cooked in a pot until they are expanded and cracked, 90% of the gossypol can be removed, and the aroma is delicious. Each donkey is 1kg per day and fed for 15 days. (5) Oral 10 mg of diethylstilbestrol is given daily to the donkey, and the daily weight gain can be increased by 12%. 100 mg of diethylstilbestrol was implanted under the donkey's ear 100 days before the slaughter, which increased the daily gain of the grazing donkey by 15%. In addition, the addition of trace element drilling, iodine, copper, selenium, etc. can increase daily weight gain and feed utilization. Appropriate amount of zinc during the fattening process can prevent donkey hair removal and skin diseases. Adult donkey fattening method: Newly-acquired adult donkeys can be fed with digestible grass, bran, etc., and they should also be fed with a small amount of ground when feeding. After a few days of normal observation, the feeding period can be carried out. At this time, the mixed feed coarse material is mainly cottonseed (or corn stover), and the mixed concentrate is mainly 50% of cottonseed cake, 30% of cornmeal, and 20% of bran. Newly purchased donkeys donâ€™t generally like to eat or do not eat cottonseed or cotton kernel cakes at the same time. They can adopt the method of tame food first and eat it automatically after one week. Feed 2 times a day (for roughage at night), and about 2 months after the donkey can feed 80% full. Can also be adapted to local conditions, with bean cake, peanut cake, bean curd residue, and cereal grass, corn stover powder, soybean meal, etc. instead of the above-mentioned fine, roughage. To draw materials locally, pay attention to feeding costs. At the same time, it is necessary to provide sufficient clean drinking water, restrict exercise, brush the skin, and maintain environmental hygiene to facilitate fattening.

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