High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Balsam Pear in Greenhouse in Winter

Bitter gourd is full of nutrients, rich in bitterness, has the effect of cooling, detoxifying, and refreshing. It is a health-friendly vegetable favored by urban and rural people. Currently, greenhouses are mostly cultivated, guaranteeing an annual listing. How to do the field management of bitter gourd in greenhouses in winter greenhouses, the key technologies are: 1, according to the weather changes, instant uncovering grasshoppers, ventilation: every morning and evening uncovering and unrolling grasshoppers, continued until the middle of May the following year . In winter rain and snow weather, it is necessary to immediately cover a layer of rain-proof film on grasshoppers to prevent wetting of grass and weeds, and at the same time allow greenhouse greenhouses to grow by about 2 to 3°C. 1. When the temperature of the greenhouse exceeds 32°C, remove the membrane in a timely manner and let it cool. When the temperature is 20°C, close the vent to ensure that the temperature of the greenhouse is between 25°C and 30°C. 2, pruning, hanging vine: bitter gourd vine cultivation practices. When the vines are started, the vines are lifted with a fine nylon rope to grow upwards. Balsam pear is generally not pruned, but should be properly cut off the base of the weak side branches and dense yellow leaves, in order to facilitate air and light. 3, artificial pollination: When bitter gourd blossoms, artificial pollination every day. The method is: Take the male flower that was open on the day and remove the petals. Stir the pollen of the stamen gently on the stigma of the pistil. The pollination time is preferably at 9 o'clock in the morning. During pollination, the young melons are pulled down to the underside of the melons, so that the melons can be hung down without bending and the appearance is beautiful. 4, fertilizer and water management: bitter gourd in the seedling stage is not resistant to fertilizer, should be less fertilizer and more. Decomposition of chicken manure and nitrogen fertilizer are the main factors. Years ago generally do not have to fertilize, watering can be poured, poured water about 20 days in winter, and to pour water, so as to avoid excessive humidity, resulting in increased disease and roots. After the melons are placed, they must be filled with fertilizer. Each time when watering, it is equivalent to 7 to 10 kg of urea or compound fertilizer per mu, plus about 100 kg of decomposed chicken manure. 5, pest control: bitter gourd common diseases are downy mildew and anthrax, the disease early in the timely removal of diseased leaves, spray protection, spray every 5 to 7 days 1, even spray 3-4 times. The commonly used agents are: 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times; 65% dexamethasone zinc WP 500 times; 1:0.5 ～0.8:300-320 Bordeaux mixture; 50% carbendazim wetability Powder 500 to 700 times liquid. 6, suitable harvest: bitter gourd should harvest tender melon. Generally, when the young melon grows sufficiently, the skin nodules enlarge and the fruit begins to pick up when the top begins to shine.

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