1, the strainer
1. What types of strainers are there?
The size of the filter is different depending on the amount of water filtered. The most common ones are sand filter, non-woven filter and PP fiber filter. The length of non-woven filter and PP fiber filter is 10 inches and 20 inches. In both cases, the diameter of the filter element used as a strainer is generally about 25u.
2. What is the role of the strainer?
The function of the coarse filter is to remove the suspended impurities with large particle size in the water, to prevent these impurities from entering the activated carbon filter and covering the surface of the activated carbon, so that the capillary structure of the activated carbon loses the ability to adsorb impurities in the water.
3. Why should the maintenance of the strainer and how to maintain it?
The coarse filter increases sharply as the retained solid impurities increase, and the water flow gradually decreases. If it is not processed in time, the water flow requirement of the subsequent treatment process cannot be met. For the sand filter, the pressure should be backwashed in time after it has risen to a certain level. Some of the fine sand is washed out of the filter during backwashing. Therefore, sand should be added regularly to the sand filter. After repeated backwashing, the degree of crushing increases, and each backwashing cannot be washed 100%. The remaining sludge in the sand gradually increases, and the sand layer will appear “consolidationâ€. At this time, the sand layer should be replaced. For non-woven fabrics or PP fiber filter cartridges, it is generally difficult to flush the water after the filter holes are blocked. The filter cartridge must be replaced periodically.
2, activated carbon filter
1. What is the role of activated carbon filter?
The role of the activated carbon filter is mainly to remove macromolecular organic matter, iron oxides, and residual chlorine. Organic matter, residual chlorine, and iron oxides are easily poisoned by ion exchange resins, while residual chlorine and cationic surfactants not only poison the resin, but also damage the membrane structure and render the reverse osmosis membrane ineffective.
2. Why should I maintain the activated carbon filter?
Activated carbon filter uses the abundant capillary pores of activated carbon to adsorb and filter macromolecular organic matter, residual chlorine, iron oxide and other colloids in water. This adsorption is irreversible, that is, activated carbon has a certain saturated adsorption capacity. After the adsorption is saturated, the activated carbon loses its adsorption performance and cannot be washed away by backwashing. In addition, after the activated carbon adsorbs organic matter, it provides abundant nutrition for the bacteria, causing the bacteria to multiply in the activated carbon filter, and the microbial content in the water is increased by the activated carbon filtration.
3. How to maintain the activated carbon filter?
The backwash is periodically performed before the activated carbon is saturated to flush out a large amount of bacteria and suspended solids on the surface of the activated carbon. After the adsorption of activated carbon is saturated, the new activated carbon should be replaced immediately, otherwise it will cause irreparable damage to the reverse osmosis membrane.
3, water softener
1. What is the role of the water softener?
The function of the water softener is to remove calcium and magnesium ions from the water and soften the water. If there is no water softener or water softener failure, calcium and magnesium salts form a hardly soluble precipitate on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane due to the sharp increase in concentration.
Blocking the reverse osmosis membrane pores shortens the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane.
2. Why should the water softener be maintained and how to maintain it?
The water softener for pure water is generally sodium-type cation exchange resin, and the resin is exchanged and saturated, and then regenerated with salt. After several years of use, the degree of resin breakage is becoming more and more serious, and the softening ability is gradually lost. Especially when activated carbon
When the filter is saturated and the activated carbon is not replaced in time, the iron, organic matter and residual chlorine in the raw water will directly enter the water softener, causing the resin to be poisoned. Once the resin is poisoned, it cannot be regenerated by regeneration.
When the working exchange capacity of the resin is significantly reduced, the resin should be replaced.
4. Reverse osmosis is the core component of pure water system. The raw water that has been pretreated and reaches the requirements of reverse osmosis membrane is reverse osmosis.
After filtration, it becomes pure water, so the maintenance of reverse osmosis is the key to ensuring the quality of pure water. The salt concentration of the membrane surface during the working process of the reverse osmosis membrane is higher than that of the bulk fluid. This phenomenon is called concentration polarization. The consequence of concentration polarization is that some salt precipitates on the surface of the membrane, blocks the water passage of the reverse osmosis membrane, and reduces the water production of the membrane. Organic matter in the feed water is not washed away continuously or periodically washed off the surface of the membrane, especially some surface-charged reverse osmosis membranes that attract charged organic matter and stick to the membrane surface. The deposition of organic matter on the surface of the membrane causes damage to the membrane more than the precipitation of the salt on the membrane surface, and sometimes the damage is irreversible. The concentration of organic matter and various salts on the surface of the membrane is much higher than that of the main body, which provides abundant nutrition for the reproduction of bacteria. A large number of microbial flora not only block the water production channel, but also because the reverse osmosis membrane itself is organic, it is decomposed by microorganisms, causing irreversible damage. Oxidizing substances such as residual chlorine in water are enriched in the membrane surface, and after enrichment to a certain extent, the concentration of the membrane itself can be withstood, and the reverse osmosis membrane is decomposed by the oxidative decomposition.
All of the above factors have gradually reduced the water production of the reverse osmosis membrane, the salt penetration rate has gradually increased, and the quality of pure water has decreased. In general, the service life of reverse osmosis membranes is three years. The reverse osmosis membrane should be replaced in time after it is damaged, otherwise it will not only affect the water production, but also the water quality will deteriorate.
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