“My walnut trees in this park have many trees that become old trees. In the past few years, I rarely set a fruit. I'm going to cut it down and find some quality seedlings to plant.†“Can't cut it, old walnut tree doesn't bear fruit, It can be solved by high-risk alternatives.†Recently, when the author came to the villages of Yangtan in the upper two villages together with the senior agronomist and walnut cultivation expert Hudao Bin of Nanjiang County, the old science and technology association, Hu Daobin taught him about the problems reflected by the villager Pan Youkun. Walnut tree high position grafting technology. Hu Daobin said that this technology mainly contains seven aspects.
Tree age selection
Grafting of old walnut trees is generally selected from 10 to 15 years old, with low-dry, small-crown, vigorously growing seed trees. At the same time, saplings below 30 cm in diameter and below can be replanted. If it is a weak tree, it is necessary to strengthen management, and then grafting should the tree rejuvenate.
Scissor scion
Scion should be cut from the mid-section or base section of a fruiting tree with excellent varieties, robust growth, and no pests, with a diameter of 1 cm or more and a small and smooth pith. The ear cutting time is appropriate after falling to mid-February. Each scion retains 3 full shoots, is sealed with paraffin wax, and is tied with 50 or 100 varieties, and is immersed in wet sand or wet sawdust, with a thickness of 15-20 cm, and stored at a temperature of about 10°C.
Grafting
The time for high walnut varieties to be replaced should generally be performed when the buds sprout or when the leaves begin to bloom. Nanjiang County jurisdiction can generally be grafted from mid-March to mid-May.
Injury flow control
7 days before grafting, the joints were sawn by the original tree crown affiliation. The saw head should be 20-30 cm from the base. At the same time, at the base of the trunk 20-30 cm from the ground, spiral drill 2-3 ports, the depth of the main stem diameter of one-fifth to one-seventh, in order to facilitate the flow out of injury. If there is too much injury, one or two other mouths may be sawed at the base of the joint.
Grafting techniques
Plug skin: scion is not peeled, the rootstock interface diameter of 3-12 cm can use this method.
Plug the skin tongue: scion skin, rootstock interface diameter 3-12 cm can be used this method. When grafting, the rootstock is sawn again to dry layer, then the rootstock outer surface is cut off with a long tongue. The scion cuts and grows 5-6cm tongue-type noodles, and squeezes off the cortex and xylem of the tongue part by hand, and then the xylem tongue part Insert the between the cortex and the xylem on the side of the rootstock section, and apply the lingual skin layer of the scion on the tongue-shaped noodles of the rootstock skin. Finally, tightly bind it with a plastic tie.
Double tongue connection: This method can be used for rootstocks with a diameter of 3 cm or less.
Immersion nailing method: the rootstock is too thick, bast thick can be grafted by this method.
Wound protection
After the scion is fixed, the interface should be moisturized. Generally, the grafting interface and the scion are all covered with grafting tape, wax or plastic bag. The plastic bag should be 4-5 cm higher than the top of the scion and remove the gas to facilitate the scion germination. Threading tip. Use a newspaper cover over the plastic bag and tighten it up and down to facilitate shading moisturization and promote wound healing.
After management
1 Ventilation: After grafting, the scion begins to sprout. When the leaves are spread, the leaves are observed every 2-3 days. For the leaflets, a small opening can be made on the upper side of the plastic bag to allow the tip of the tender shoot to stick out. The upper air outlet is small to large and cannot be opened at one time. It is also not possible to remove the plastic bag too soon.
2 In addition to sprouting: timely remove the sprouting branches of the rootstock, if the joint is not alive, can retain 2-3 germination branches in the appropriate parts, and then make up.
3 anti-folding: 25-30 days later, scion germinate one after another, grow rapidly. When the scion shoots grow to 30 centimeters or so, it is necessary to set up the pillars at the interface in time, lightly attach the shoots to the pillars, and cut off the sprouts on the branches at any time. With the extension of the new shoots, the shoots must be pinned 2-3 times.
4 supplement: there is no survival of the scion, should choose the right place, occurs in the anvil pile bud left 2-3, in July-August budding.
5 Loosening: After grafting for 2-3 months, loosen the interface binding material once, but do not remove it. After the end of August can be removed according to circumstances.
6 pruning: high-concentration walnut trees are easy to form plexiform branches, pruning should be combined with short cuts, rapid expansion of the crown as soon as possible, and to strengthen fertilizer and water management and pest control, make it effective as soon as possible.
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