Canine parvovirus is an acute infectious disease caused by canine parvovirus. Clinical features are hemorrhagic diarrhea, severe vomiting, and high levels of depression or non-suppurative myocarditis. After the disease was confirmed in China in 1982, police dogs and breed dogs in the northeast, north China, and southwest regions occurred and spread one after another. As a result, many viruses were isolated and reported.
1 Incidence
Fengxiang Town, Anding District, Dingxi City - Beijing Dog, male, 3 months, weighing 2.1 kg, not immunized with canine parvovirus vaccine. On March 6, 2006, she developed mental disorder, depressed appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration. The vomit was initially undigested food, followed by mucous in the stomach. The feces were yellow, covered with mucus and pseudomembranous, and the back row was There is a dilute dung of tomato juice, with a bad odor. Two days after the onset of illness, my appetite and desire for drinking were completely eliminated. The body temperature was 39.9°C (higher), and my heartbeat and breathing were normal. According to the symptoms, this case is suspected to be canine parvovirus disease.
2 Diagnosis
Feces were tested with parvovirus (manufactured by the Academy of Military Medical Sciences). Take a sufficient amount of dog feces, add 5mL of normal saline, shake well and stand for 5 minutes; dip into the supernatant with the test strip's detection end for 15 seconds, and then place the result for 5 minutes. The diagnosis was positive. According to the above symptoms and test results, it was diagnosed as parvovirus disease.
3 treatment methods
3.1 Chinese medicine prescription
Shuanghua 3g, Forsythia 3g, Folium candidum 2g, Radix isatidis 2g, Coptis chinensis 4g, Radix Astragali 4g, Treats 3.5g, Pulsatilla 3g, Gardenia 1.5g, Campanulaceae 48, Atractylodes macrocephala 1.2g, orange peel 1.2g, chicken inner 1.5g , Bupleurum 1g, mint 1g, yellow chrysanthemum 1g, licorice 1g. One dose per day, the morning of the group will be a total of drugs decoction, juice, waiting for warm irrigation service, leaving residue after irrigation. After an interval of 10 to 12 hours in the afternoon, the residue was fried once more and juice was taken.
3.2 Adjuvant therapy
During the course of treatment, the dogs were given fluids for daily rehydration, namely 3.5 g of sodium chloride, 2.5 g of sodium bicarbonate, 1.5 g of potassium chloride, 20 g of glucose, and 1000 mL of water.
For dehydrated dogs, daily intravenous infusion of 25% glucose solution 50mL, vitamin C5mL, energy mixture 20mL, afternoon intravenous infusion of compound sodium chloride solution 250mL, adenosine triphosphate injection 1mL, in the increase of appetite, shorten recovery time The role is obvious.
After 3 days of treatment, the sick dogs showed marked improvement in their condition. The dog's spirit gradually changed from a state of depression and lying to walking around, and there were signs of seeking food. During the treatment period, high-protein, high-fat diets such as milk, eggs, and meat were stopped, and only suitable amounts of easily digestible feed were given to reduce the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and increase the cure rate.
3.3 Prognosis
After one week of treatment with this method, the dogs had no obvious abnormalities. They showed a good mental state, normal appetite and drinking, normal bowel movements, and normal body temperature. After 3 days, she was told that the dog had recovered.
4 Analysis
Due to the onset of the dog has been 2d, appetite; drinking desire completely abandoned, pull and vomiting, there is dehydration, and the body temperature is high, but the normal breathing and heartbeat, has not yet converted to myocarditis type. Therefore, the direction of treatment should be based on cooling, fluid replacement, electrolyte balance adjustment and control of secondary infections. At the same time taking into account the owner's economic status, I decided to use this medicine as the main symptom supplemented treatment principles. The double flowers in the square declare heat to dispel heat and clear blood toxins; Forsythia reveals and expresses blood and goes to the coke and heat; Banlangen and Daqing leaves serve as antidote, with the function of cooling and cooling blood, and the four flavors help each other. It can be used as the main drug for phlegm fever. Huang Lian detoxification, good diarrhea on the coke of the fire; fried Huang Xi heat, good diarrhea heart, stomach fire; Phellodendron is good diarrhea coke phase fire; Pulsatilla detoxification, cooling blood to stop bleeding; throat bitter cold drop, into the blood, clear The heat of San Jiao is shared by five flavors. It has the functions of antiemetic, antispasmodic and hemostatic, and has a strong antibacterial effect. Chenpi qi and spleen, Atractylodes rhizome dryness and moisturizing, together with Ji Neimengjian spleen to stop diarrhea, can promote recovery of appetite of the dog, and then accompanied by Bupleurum, peppermint, yellow chrysanthemum, cool and relieve the wind, promote wind, promote skin Capillaries dilate, forcing heat evil to emerge from the muscles, and licorice coordinates the various drugs. Combination of multiple drugs in the treatment of this case, the treatment effect is very obvious.
5 Discussion
5.1 Canine parvovirus belongs to the family Parvoviridae and Parvovirus. It has the typical morphology and structure of the parvovirus. Strong resistance to various physical and chemical factors and commonly used disinfectants, survived for 180 days at 4 to 10°C, survived at 37°C for 14 days, survived at 56°C for 24 hours, survived at 80°C for 15 minutes: survived at room temperature for 90 days. The sex instrument is slightly declining and can survive in feces for months to years; formalin, 3% sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite, beta-propiolactone, hydroxylamine, oxidants, and UV light can all inactivate it, but Organic solvents such as chloroform and ether are not sensitive.
5.2 Canine parvovirus disease is mainly transmitted by direct or indirect contact. Infected dogs and poisoned dogs are sources of infection. The main route of transmission is the digestive tract. Dogs are the main natural hosts. Dogs of all ages, sexes, and breeds can infect. However, small dogs are more susceptible. In particular, newborn puppies sometimes present with non-suppurative myocarditis and suddenly die, often characterized by a litter burst. 3 to 4 weeks old dogs showed acute lethal myocarditis after infection; 8 to 10 weeks old dogs were mainly enteritis.
5.3 The occurrence of canine parvovirus disease has no obvious seasonality. It usually occurs in summer and autumn. Long-distance transport, cold weather, sudden changes in temperature, congestion, poor hygiene and concurrent infections can aggravate the condition and increase the mortality rate.
5.4 In the diagnosis of canine parvovirus disease, it is necessary to distinguish between canine distemper fever, canine infectious hepatitis and bacillary dysentery.
5.5 Dogs suffering from canine parvovirus disease have severe diarrhea, dehydration, acidosis and electrolyte disturbances. The timely and reasonable rehydration and electrolyte supplementation are the most important measures for the treatment of the disease. Normally, Ringer's solution and glucose physiological saline are used for rehydration. For dogs with severe diarrhea, besides rehydration, 5% sodium bicarbonate injection should be given intravenously according to the severity of acidosis. For dogs with severe vomiting, pay special attention to potassium, but strictly control the dose, concentration, and rate of potassium input. Intravenous infusion of canine albumin can accelerate the recovery of body osmolality and fluid balance. Probuncin can be used as an antiemetic drug, and it is also possible to use meclizine. Severe vomiting can be atropine, 654-2, oral silicon silver. Can also use tannic acid protein, Smecta and so on. Hemorrhage can be used to stop bleeding, vitamin K. Can also be applied according to the condition of antibiotics, such as kainomycin sulfate, intramuscular injection, the amount of 5mg per kilogram of body weight, 2 times / day, intramuscular injection, control of secondary infection.
5.6 canine parvovirus prevention can be used anti-canine parvovirus high immune serum, or use of anti-canine parvovirus and other viral diseases of immunoglobulin injection, can also be used to recover the whole dog canine blood, early canine injection of canine parvovirus Monoclonal antibodies can also receive good therapeutic effects. Normal puppies are first exempted from 7 to 8 weeks of age, and inactivated vaccines are inoculated twice, at intervals of 2 to 3 weeks: 1 inoculation of attenuated vaccine. After each year, boost immunity once. Bitches are vaccinated 3 to 4 weeks before delivery. The onset of the disease is rapid and infectious, and once it occurs, comprehensive preventive measures must be taken to isolate the diseased dogs in time. The kennels, surrounding environment and utensils should be repeatedly sanitized with 3% sodium hydroxide or 10% to 20% bleach solution.
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